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Comparing the performance of the conventional and fixed ‐bed membrane bioreactors for treating municipal wastewater
This study evaluates the performance of hybrid fixed bed MBR (FBMBR) treating real domestic wastewater in different operational conditions. It also compares the experimental results of FBMBR with the CMBR. For this purpose, two identical reactors are constructed as CMBR and FBMBR. Each module contains the net volume of 140  L and is operated continuously in two aerobic (DO >  4 mg/L) and anoxic (DO <  1 mg/L) conditions with average organic loading rates (OLRs) of 0.58, 0.71 and 1.55 kgCOD/m3d. The pore sizes of flat sheet membranes are 0.2 –0.8 μm with total surface area of 1.4m2 per module. The exper...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 24, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Environmental contamination and public health effects of electronic waste: an overview
ConclusionThis review is an up-to-date assessment of studies and reports on e-waste environmental contamination and public health effects. The review has shown that e-waste contains constituents that caused adverse environmental effects and toxicity to the biota. However, there is an enormous data gap between exposure quantification and possible health effects. More studies are needed to elucidate and provide holistic information on environmental and public health dangers posed by e-waste constituents. (Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 21, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Magnetic MBR technology: from the fabrication of membrane to application in wastewater treatment
AbstractThe aim of this study is to synthesize a magnetic nanocomposite membrane using iron oxide and alumina nanoparticles and employing it in magnetic membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for oily wastewater treatment. Al2O3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles with approximate sizes of 20 and 30  nm respectively, were settled into a polysulfone (PSf) membrane matrix via magnetic casting method. The concentration of alumina and iron oxide nanoparticles were 0–0.25 wt% and 0.03 wt%, respectively. Compared with the blank membrane, an increase in the concentration of Fe3O4 up to 0.2  wt%, led to the flux as much as 70% and mitigated total ...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 16, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environmental systems: a review
AbstractPBDEs are human-influenced chemicals utilized massively as flame retardants. They are environmentally persistent, not easily degraded, bioaccumulate in the biological tissue of organisms, and bio-magnify across the food web. They can travel over a long distance, with air and water being their possible transport media. They can be transferred to non-target organisms by inhalation, oral ingestion, breastfeeding, or dermal contact. These pollutants adsorb easily to solid matrices due to their lipophilicity and hydrophobicity; thus, sediments from rivers, lakes, estuaries, and ocean are becoming their major reservoirs ...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 15, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Quantitative fit testing of filtering face-piece respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals anthropometric deficits in most respirators available in Iran
ConclusionOverall, unacceptably low fit factors were obtained from the studied FFRs. The main reasons for this are suspected to single size and style for each studied FFR. It confirms the importance and requirement of the proper respirator selection in that way fitted optimally into facial dimensions, appropriate usage, and properly performing the fit testing procedure. A unique fit test panel should be developed to guide respirator wearers in selecting the appropriate FFR for their specific face sizes. (Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 15, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Use and treatment of chicken feathers as a natural adsorbent for the removal of copper in aqueous solution
ConclusionsIn this study, chicken feather was used as a low cost adsorbent for copper efficiently and with the feasibility that the adsorbent can be biodegraded and release the metal. (Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 14, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

The influence of a signal ’s time structure on the perceived noise annoyance of road traffic noise
ConclusionsTime structure does not have a significant influence on people ’s judgments about noise annoyance. However, people tend to have a preference for a steady noise rather than an intermittent one. (Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 13, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Attachment rate characteristics of different wide used aerosol sources in indoor air
AbstractIn this work, six different aerosol sources, used in everyday life, were investigated to analyze parameters such as concentration, size distributions, and dynamics: regular and electronic cigarettes, incense, candles, mosquito coils, and cooking. During the experiments, the aerosol particle count ranged from 200 to 2 ·105 cm−3. The number, mass, and specific surface area of the aerosol size distributions were measured by a Model 2702  M diffusion aerosol spectrometer (DAS) with a range of 5 nm to 10 μm. The attachment rate of radon decay products to aerosol particles is calculated depending on their size di...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 13, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Removal efficiency of pharmaceutical drugs (Mebeverine hydrochloride MEB) by an activated carbon prepared from dates stems
AbstractThe removal efficiency of the pharmaceutical drug Mebeverine Hydrochloride (MEB) from solutions by an activated carbon (AC) prepared from dates stems was investigated in the present research work. The surface properties of the activated carbon were investigated by elementary analysis, BET surface area, SEM, FTIR and pHpzc. The operating parameters effect on the MEB adsorption efficiency was investigated by using batch experiments. The adsorption isotherms study indicated that the experimental data were well described by Freundlich and DR isotherms, with the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 4105  mg/g. This re...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 12, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM 1 , PM 2.5 and PM 10 atmospheric particles: identification, sources, temporal and spatial variations
This study reports temporal and spatial variations of 16 different species of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (particle-bonded PAHs) in the indoor and outdoor environments of three sampling sites in Bandar Mahshahr city, Iran. A low-volume air sampler was employed to collect size-segregated particulate matter during winter (October to December 2015), and summer (July to September 2016). The results showed that the annual concentrations of indoor and outdoor PM10 and PM2.5 were much higher than the related World Health Organization guidelines. The concentration of total particle-bonded PAHs (TPAHs) was higher i...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - April 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Ultrasonic coupling with electrical current to effective activation of Persulfate for 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide degradation: modeling, synergistic effect, and a by-product study
AbstractIn this research work, we investigated the ability of the oxidative degradation of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicide via ultrasonic-assisted in electro-activation of the persulfate system in the presence of nano-zero valent iron. The effect of experimental parameters such as pH value [4 –8], electrical current (0.5–1 A), persulfate concentration (0.25–0.5 mg.l−1), nano zero-valent iron dose (0.05 –0.1 mg.l−1), and initial organic pollutant concentration (50 –100 mg.l−1) on the ultrasonic-electropersulfate process performance was assessed via central composite design. The combination of u...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - March 29, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Photo-catalytic degradation of bisphenol-a from aqueous solutions using GF/Fe-TiO 2 -CQD hybrid composite
In this study, different ratios of CQD in the composite (1.5, 4.5 and 7.5  wt%), pH, and bisphenol-A concentration as variable parameters were investigated. All analyzes, EF-SEM, EDX, BET, XRD, FTIR, show that the GF/Fe-TiO2-CQD composite is well coated on glass fibers (GF) and all the elements in the catalyst are present. On the other hand, DRS analysis showed that CQD reduces the band gap of Fe-TiO2 from 2.96  eV to 2.91 eV, it was 3.10 eV for TiO2. Among different catalysts, GF/Fe-TiO2-CQD4.5wt% has the best performance. The results showed that for GF/Fe-TiO2-CQD4.5wt%, optimum for the process was at pH  = 6 in ...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - March 26, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from waste air stream using ozone assisted zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles coated on zeolite
AbstractThe release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from stationary and mobile sources increases the concentration of these pollutants in the environment. These compounds have the potential to cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. The adoption of management and engineering procedures to control the emission of these pollutants to the air has become essential. The aim of this study was to use an advanced oxidation process namely the catalytic ozonation to reduce the concentration of these pollutants in industrial output. In this experimental study, the catalytic ozonation process in the presence of...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - March 23, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Wi-fi related radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF): a pilot experimental study of personal exposure and risk perception
AbstractThe impact of providing people with an objectively measured personal radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure information on the risk perception of people is not well understood. We conducted an experimental study, among three groups of participants, to investigate the risk perception of people towards RF-EMF from Wi-Fi sources (ISM 2.4  GHz) by providing participants with either basic text, precautionary information, or a summary of their personal RF-EMF exposure measurement levels. Participants provided with personal RF-EMF exposure measurement information were more confident in protecting themsel...
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - March 23, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Occurrence and removal characteristics of phthalate esters from bottled drinking water using silver modified roasted date pits
ConclusionRODP was successfully used as an effective adsorbent for phthalate esters removal from drinking water. However, S-RODP has the highest removal abilities than other adsorbents due to the newly formed functional groups on its surface. (Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering)
Source: Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering - March 20, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research