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Profiting from a tainted trade: private investigators ’ views on the popular culture glamorisation of their trade
This study aims to examine the views of practising private investigators regarding their professional images of dirty work. To fill the gap in the literature, this study used data collected from semi-structured interviews with 33 industry practitioners from 3 Australian states. The paper investigates private investigator’s perceptions about themselves/job roles and the public perceptions of private investigators in Australia. Interviews were recorded and transcripts created. A thematic analysis of the interview transcripts was undertaken. Private investigators were drawn from a range of professions, including p...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - February 17, 2021 Category: Criminology Authors: Michael King Source Type: research

The utility of the Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System for conducting comparative case analysis
Kari Davies, Hanne Imre, Jessica Woodhams Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.77-90 The Violent Crime Linkage Analysis System (ViCLAS) is a computerised database which is used by law enforcement in several countries to find potential links between serial violent crimes. In 2012, Bennell, Snook, MacDonald, House and Taylor identified a number of assumptions that must be valid for these computerised systems to be effective. This paper revisits and expands on these assumptions with specific reference to the use of ViCLAS, looking at research that has bee...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - February 10, 2021 Category: Criminology Authors: Kari Davies Hanne Imre Jessica Woodhams Source Type: research

Ambient temperature as a moderator of the reactive criminal thinking – violent offending relationship: a multilevel analysis
This study aims to investigate the potential moderating effect of the average annual ambient temperature in 24 European countries on the relationship between criminal thinking (reactive vs proactive) and juvenile offending (violent vs property). The average annual ambient temperatures found in 24 European countries were correlated with measures of reactive vs proactive criminal thinking and violent vs property offending in 56,518 students (50.4% female) from the second International Self-Reported Delinquency Study. These data were analyzed using a multilevel model comprising three Level 1 (student) predictors – age,...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - February 8, 2021 Category: Criminology Authors: Glenn D. Walters Source Type: research

Impacts of electronic monitoring on the community life: blessing or disguise?
Katarína Vitálišová, Kamila Borseková, Anna Vanˇová, Samuel Koróny Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- The purpose of this paper is to identify and evaluate critically the impacts associated with the implementation of electronic monitoring (EM) of accused and convicted persons on society based on the foreign experience and compare these findings with the original research results on EM in the Slovak Republic. This paper elaborates the secondary data of previous researches in Scotland, Sweden and Florida in the USA. ...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - February 5, 2021 Category: Criminology Authors: Katar ína Vitálišová Kamila Borsekov á Anna Van ˇová Samuel Kor óny Source Type: research

Crime linkage practice in New Zealand
Matt Tonkin, Martin Joseph Weeks Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.63-76 The purpose of this paper is to understand (i) how crime linkage is currently performed with residential burglaries in New Zealand, (ii) the factors that promote/hinder accurate crime linkage and (iii)whether computerised decision-support tools might assist crime linkage practice. A total of 39 New Zealand Police staff completed a questionnaire/interview/focus group relating to the process, challenges, products and uses of crime linkage with residential burglary in New Zealand....
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - February 2, 2021 Category: Criminology Authors: Matt Tonkin Martin Joseph Weeks Source Type: research

Operational policing and child abuse: examining the impact of feminism, exploring the application of intersectionality
Ineke Romeyn, Philip Birch Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- This paper aims to examine operational policing practice and child abuse. The paper acknowledges the influence second-wave feminism has had on police practice in terms of recognising and addressing this crime type. However, child abuse is mostly considered within the context of a single incident, with those children who suffer repeat and poly-victimisation being overlooked. As a consequence, the application of intersectionality as a theoretical framework to underpin ...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - December 9, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Ineke Romeyn Philip Birch Source Type: research

Attitudes towards offenders with intellectual disability
Rachel Worthington, Sarah Rossetti Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- Public attitudes are considered influential in the successful reintegration of offenders into society after release, however research into attitudes towards offenders with intellectual disability (ID) has received little attention. The purpose of this study is firstly to see if people hold differing attitudes towards the reintegration of offenders with ID compared to those without ID and secondly, to investigate whether this difference in attitude is because ...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - December 1, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Rachel Worthington Sarah Rossetti Source Type: research

Closer to reality? The application of sequence analysis in crime linkage
Jan-Martin Winter, Gina Rossi Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.34-50 Traditional crime linkage studies on serial sexual assaults have relied predominantly on a binary crime linkage approach that has yielded successful results in terms of linkage accuracy. Such an approach is a coarse reflection of reality by focussing mainly on the outcome of an offence, neglecting the forceful differences due to the intricate offender-victim interaction. Only few researchers have examined sexual assaults through the lens of a sequence analysis framework. This paper aim...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - November 12, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Jan-Martin Winter Gina Rossi Source Type: research

Therapeutic institutions of violence: conceptualising the biographical narratives of mental health service users/survivors accessing long term “treatment” in England
Stephen J. Macdonald Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- This paper aims to conceptualise the residential and psychiatric hospital as a space where criminality and social harms can emerge. Because of recent media scandals over the past 10 years concerning privately-owned hospitals, this study examines the lived experiences of service users/survivors, family members and practitioners to examine historic and contemporary encounters of distress and violence in hospital settings. The study consists of 16 biographical accounts...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - August 5, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Stephen J. Macdonald Source Type: research

The sexual life of men with psychopathic traits
Georgia Zara, Henriette Bergstrøm, David P. Farrington Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- This paper aims to explore the sexuality of individuals with psychopathic traits. Sexuality is not only a physiological need but also a way by which people connect to others. According to a Darwinian perspective, psychopathic traits are seen as adaptive responses to environmental conditions, and as a nonpathological and reproductively viable life history strategy, although superficial emotionality and a detached interpersonal style charac...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - August 3, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Georgia Zara Henriette Bergstr øm David P. Farrington Source Type: research

Case linkage in Australian serial stranger rape
Serena Davidson, Wayne Petherick Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.4-17 Case linkage theory and practice have received growing empirical support; however, they have yet to be examined fully within Australia. For sexual assault case linkage to be successful, it is assumed that a serial rapist will behave relatively consistently across offences yet distinctively compared to other offenders. The purpose of this paper is to test the underlying principles of case linkage, behavioural consistency and distinctiveness, as well as distinguishing accuracy. In...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - July 23, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Serena Davidson Wayne Petherick Source Type: research

Criminal thinking and gang affiliation: antecedents and consequences
Glenn D. Walters Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between gang affiliation and criminal thinking. A sample of 1,354 youth (1,170 males, 184 females) from the Pathways to Desistance Study served as participants in this study, and a causal mediation path analysis was performed on proactive and reactive criminal thinking, gang affiliation and subsequent offending. Using three waves of data, it was determined that the pathway running from reactive criminal thinkin...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - July 22, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Glenn D. Walters Source Type: research

Linking serial homicide – towards an ecologically valid application
Tom Pakkanen, Jukka Sirén, Angelo Zappalà, Patrick Jern, Dario Bosco, Andrea Berti, Pekka Santtila Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.18-33 Crime linkage analysis (CLA) can be applied in the police investigation-phase to sift through a database to find behaviorally similar cases to the one under investigation and in the trial-phase to try to prove that the perpetrator of two or more offences is the same, by showing similarity and distinctiveness in the offences. Lately, research has moved toward more naturalistic settings, analyzing data sets that are a...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - July 16, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Tom Pakkanen Jukka Sir én Angelo Zappal à Patrick Jern Dario Bosco Andrea Berti Pekka Santtila Source Type: research

Grey corruption issues in the public sector
Tim Prenzler Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- This paper aims to identify key learnings around the concept of “grey corruption” by systematically reviewing the extant literature. The concept is addressed in terms of areas of alleged misconduct often considered “minor” or “borderline” in relation to “black corruption”. Common examples include favourable treatment of friends and relatives by public officials, receipt of gifts, excessive expenditures and pork barrelling, influence peddling through donations and l...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - June 26, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Tim Prenzler Source Type: research

Linkage analysis using geographical proximity: a test of the efficacy of distance measures
Shumpei Haginoya, Aiko Hanayama, Tamae Koike Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.51-62 The purpose of this paper was to compare the accuracy of linking crimes using geographical proximity between three distance measures: Euclidean (distance measured by the length of a straight line between two locations), Manhattan (distance obtained by summing north-south distance and east-west distance) and the shortest route distances. A total of 194 cases committed by 97 serial residential burglars in Aomori Prefecture in Japan between 2004 and 2015 were used in t...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - May 12, 2020 Category: Criminology Authors: Shumpei Haginoya Aiko Hanayama Tamae Koike Source Type: research