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Beyond the crime-terror nexus: socio-economic status, violent crimes and terrorism
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 158-172, September 2017. Purpose The literature on terrorism suggests a strong link between criminal offending and terrorism – the crime-terror nexus. Building upon a strain theory perspective, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that devalued socio-economic status (i.e. limited education and unemployment) and criminal past define the pool of people from which violent and terror offenders may be recruited. Design/ methodology/approach The current study compares three sources of data on educational and employment characteristics of viole...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Introduction to the special issue of the Journal of Criminological Research, Policy, and Practice: terrorism and political violence
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 153-157, September 2017. (Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice)
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

The future of the draft UN Convention on international terrorism
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 233-247, September 2017. Purpose The paper is meant to analyse the debate over the revival of a comprehensive convention on international terrorism. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that a United Nations (UN) Convention on international terrorism is still necessary – provided that it is updated considering the new challenges that have recently emerged – and could be complemented by an annex containing the list of terrorist organisations, the determination of which is of common concern of the entire international community. Desi...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Splitting to survive: understanding terrorist group fragmentation
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 222-232, September 2017. Purpose From Al-Qaeda to the IRA, almost all terrorist organisations have experienced splits in some shape or form. This can spell the dawn of violent spoiler groups, but it may equally play a significant role in the overall politicisation of a group. The purpose of this paper is to provide a greater understanding of these splits by assessing the issue from a political organisational perspective. Design/methodology/approach The author proposes that by addressing splits through the lens of organisational survival, we m...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

The study of terrorist leadership: where do we go from here?
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 208-221, September 2017. Purpose Despite the recognition of the importance of leaders for the formation and ongoing success of social and political movements, the study of leadership in terrorist groups remains underdeveloped. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to stimulate additional research into terrorist leadership in three main ways: by providing a broad overview of the theoretical perspectives that scholars have used to examine terrorist leadership, by critically reviewing the current state of the academic literature on terrorist l...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Understanding modern terror and insurgency through the lens of street gangs: ISIS as a case study
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 192-207, September 2017. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use nearly a century ’s worth of gang research to inform us about modern terrorist groups, specifically the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). Design/methodology/approach A case study approach is employed, comparing and contrasting the competing theoretical frameworks of gangs and terrorist organisations to und erstand group structure, demographics, patterns of behaviour (e.g. territoriality, strategic, and instrumental violence), goals, and membership patterns of ISIS. ...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Preventing successful assassination attacks by terrorists: an environmental criminology approach
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 3, Page 173-191, September 2017. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use an environmental criminology and situational crime prevention (SCP) framework to study global assassinations carried out by terrorists. The authors set forth a series of hypotheses to explain successful and unsuccessful assassination incidents. Design/methodology/approach The authors use assassination data from the Global Terrorism Database from 1970 to 2014 to estimate a series binary logistic regression models. Findings Results indicate that various situational factors co...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - September 12, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Alcohol-related harms and street service care in entertainment districts
This study examines factors associated with receiving street service care for alcohol intoxication, alcohol-related injury or violence among young people in a night-time economy (NTE). Design/methodology/approach Participants included 217 young adults, 135 of whom required street service care on a Friday or Saturday evening in an Australian entertainment district. The remaining 88 young adults were a matched control sample. Participants were surveyed and provided a breathalyser sample. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationship between Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) level, subjective intoxica...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Policing child abuse: challenges and opportunities for specialist units
This article has been informed by a recent evaluation of a new national unit that was set up to investigate suspected child abuse in Scotland. This unit was established as part of the transition from eight regional police services in Scotland to a single national police service, Police Scotland. An important part of this evaluation was to consider the messages from previous research into the development of national police units and the role of the police in child protection investigations more generally. Findings What was uncovered were the challenges that police officers face in the current context of child abuse invest...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Improving police risk assessment and management of family violence through a collaboration between law enforcement, forensic mental health and academia
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2017. Purpose Police play an essential role in reducing harms associated with family violence by identifying people at increased risk of physical or mental health-related harm from family violence and linking them with support services. Yet police are often poorly trained and resourced to conduct the kind of assessments necessary to identify family violence associated with increased risk. Design/methodology/approach This paper describes a multi-project collaboration between law enforcement, forensic mental health, and academia that has over t...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Multi-agency mentoring pilot intervention for high intensity service users of emergency public services: The Isle of Wight Integrated Recovery Programme
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2017. Purpose This paper describes the design, implementation and evaluation of a small UK case study of a mentoring style pilot intervention integrating a specially trained police officer alongside mental health professionals to support highly intensive service users of emergency services. Design/methodology/approach The development of the conceptual framework informing the mentoring intervention is described and its implementation evaluated using a range of qualitative and quantitative outcome measures. Findings The four high intensity ser...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

A focus for mental health training for police
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2017. Purpose To propose a focus for mental health training efforts to better equip officers to provide interventions and supports to help facilitate improved outcomes for people experiencing mental health crises. Design/methodology/approach A reflection on key evidence relating to mental health training programs delivered to police, focussing on Australia, the United States and Canada. Findings While there are a number of similarities in the core content of mental health training programs offered internationally, the availability and uptake...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Exploring law enforcement and public health as a collective impact initiative: lessons learned from Tasmania as a case study
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2017. Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential benefits as well as some of the practical barriers to the implementation of a collective impact initiative in law enforcement and public health (LEPH) in Tasmania, Australia. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a review of programs, agencies and initiatives that are at the intersection of law enforcement and public health in Tasmania, through (i) an analysis of the findings in evaluation reports, and (ii) the views of practitioners identified at a workshop ...
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Editorial
Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice,Volume 3, Issue 2, June 2017. (Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice)
Source: Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice - April 28, 2017 Category: Criminology Source Type: research