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Serine protease homolog pairs CLIPA4-A6, A4-A7 Δ, and A4-A12 act as cofactors for proteolytic activation of prophenoloxidase-2 and -7 in Anopheles gambiae
In conclusion, these data suggest that the three (and perhaps more) SPHI-II pairs may form cofactors for CLIPB9-mediated activation of PPOs for melanotic encapsulation in A. gambiae.PMID:38056530 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104048 (Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - December 6, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qiao Jin Yang Wang Yingxia Hu Yan He Chao Xiong Haobo Jiang Source Type: research

Evidence for a role of SNMP2 and antennal support cells in sensillum lymph clearance processes of moth pheromone-responsive sensilla
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Dec 2;164:104046. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn insect antenna, following the activation of olfactory sensory neurons, odorant molecules are inactivated by enzymes in the sensillum lymph. How the inactivation products are cleared from the sensillum lymph is presently unknown. Here we studied the role of support cells (SCs) and the so-called sensory neuron membrane protein 2 (SNMP2), a member of the CD36 family of lipid transporters abundantly expressed in SCs, in sensillum lymph clearance processes in the moths Heliothis virescens and Bombyx mori. In these s...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - December 3, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sina Cassau J ürgen Krieger Source Type: research

Evidence for a role of SNMP2 and antennal support cells in sensillum lymph clearance processes of moth pheromone-responsive sensilla
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Dec 1:104046. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104046. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn insect antenna, following the activation of olfactory sensory neurons, odorant molecules are inactivated by enzymes in the sensillum lymph. How the inactivation products are cleared from the sensillum lymph is presently unknown. Here we studied the role of support cells (SCs) and the so-called sensory neuron membrane protein 2 (SNMP2), a member of the CD36 family of lipid transporters abundantly expressed in SCs, in sensillum lymph clearance processes in the moths Heliothis virescens and Bombyx mori. In these speci...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - December 3, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sina Cassau J ürgen Krieger Source Type: research

The crystal structure of insecticidal protein Txp40 from Xenorhabdus nematophila reveals a two-domain unique binary toxin with homology to the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Nov 29:104045. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104045. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTxp40 is a ubiquitous, conserved, and novel toxin from Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria, toxic to a wide range of insect pests. However, the three-dimensional structure and toxicity mechanism for Txp40 or any of its sequence homologs are not yet known. Here, we have been reporting the crystal structure of the insecticidal protein Txp40 from Xenorhabdus nematophila at 2.08 Å resolution. The Txp40 was structurally distinct from currently known insecticidal proteins. Txp40 consists of two structurally different do...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - December 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Omkar U Kinkar Ashwani Kumar Arpit Prashar Beena Yadav Ashok B Hadapad Ramesh S Hire Ravindra D Makde Source Type: research

Culex quinquefasciatus membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase is a putative receptor for Lysinibacillus sphaericus Tpp49Aa1 toxin
In this study, we employed pulldown assays to identify a group of Tpp49Aa1-binding proteins from C. quinquefasciatus solubilized midgut brush-border membrane proteins (BBMFs). RNA interference assays revealed that the silencing of an alkaline phosphatase gene (referred to as ALP1263) in C. quinquefasciatus resulted in a significant reduction in larval mortality upon exposure to Cry48Aa1/Tpp49Aa1 toxin in vivo. Furthermore, the ALP1263 protein exhibited specific and high-affinity binding to the Tpp49Aa1 toxin, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of approximately 57.3 nM. The dot blot analysis demonstrated that Tpp49Aa1 C-term...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - November 30, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qingyun Guo Wei Li Yingchao Niu Xiaohua Dai Lin Chen Source Type: research

Overexpression of the F116V allele of CYP9A186 in transgenic Helicoverpa armigera confers high-level resistance to emamectin benzoate
In this study, we established an effective piggyBac-based transformation system in the serious agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera and overexpressed in vivo a resistance P450 allele, CYP9A186-F116V, from another lepidopteran pest Spodoptera exigua. Bioassays showed that transgenic H. armigera larvae expressing CYP9A186-F116V obtained 358-fold and 38.6-fold resistance to EB and abamectin, respectively. In contrast, a transgenic line of Drosophila melanogaster overexpressing this P450 variant only confers ∼20-fold resistance to the two insecticides. This bias towards the resistance level revealed that closely related sp...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - November 29, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lin Li Yayun Zuo Yu Shi Yihua Yang Yidong Wu Source Type: research

Single-nucleus sequencing of silkworm larval midgut reveals the immune escape strategy of BmNPV in the midgut during the late stage of infection
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Nov 25:104043. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104043. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe midgut is an important barrier against microorganism invasion and proliferation, yet is the first tissue encountered when a baculovirus naturally invades the host. However, only limited knowledge is available how different midgut cell types contribute to the immune response and the clearance or promotion of viral infection. Here, single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA seq) was employed to analyze the responses of various cell subpopulations in the silkworm larval midgut to B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infec...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - November 28, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Junming Xia Shigang Fei Yigui Huang Wenxuan Lai Yue Yu Lingying Liang Hailin Wu Luc Swevers Jingchen Sun Min Feng Source Type: research