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Diuretic hormone 31 activates two G protein-coupled receptors with differential second messengers for diuresis in Drosophila suzukii
In this study, we identified and characterized DH31 and two DH31 GPCR variants, DH31-Ra and DH31-Rb, from spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, a globally prevalent vinegar fly causing severe damage to small fruits. Both GPCRs are active, but DH31-Ra is the dominant receptor based on gene expression analyses and DH31 peptide binding affinities. A notable difference between the two variants lies in 1) the GPCR structures of their C-termini and 2) the utilization of second messengers, and the amino acid sequences of the two variants are identical. DH31-Ra contains 12 additional amino acids, providing different intrace...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 9, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ho Jung Yoon Briana E Price Ryssa K Parks Seung-Joon Ahn Man-Yeon Choi Source Type: research

Diuretic hormone 31 activates two G protein-coupled receptors with differential second messengers for diuresis in Drosophila suzukii
In this study, we identified and characterized DH31 and two DH31 GPCR variants, DH31-Ra and DH31-Rb, from spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, a globally prevalent vinegar fly causing severe damage to small fruits. Both GPCRs are active, but DH31-Ra is the dominant receptor based on gene expression analyses and DH31 peptide binding affinities. A notable difference between the two variants lies in 1) the GPCR structures of their C-termini and 2) the utilization of second messengers, and the amino acid sequences of the two variants are identical. DH31-Ra contains 12 additional amino acids, providing different intrace...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 9, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ho Jung Yoon Briana E Price Ryssa K Parks Seung-Joon Ahn Man-Yeon Choi Source Type: research

The Relish/miR-275/Dredd mediated negative feedback loop is crucial to restoring immune homeostasis of Drosophila Imd pathway
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct 5:104013. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe NF-κB/Relish, as a core transcription factor of Drosophila immune deficiency (Imd) pathway, activates the transcriptions of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to combat gram-negative bacterial infections, but its role in regulating miRNA expression during immune response has less been reported. We here describe a negative feedback loop of Imd signaling mediated by Relish/miR-275/Dredd that controls Drosophila immune homeostasis after Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection. Our results demonstrate that Relish may directl...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wanwan Pan Xiaolong Yao Lu Lin Xiaoqi Liu Ping Jin Fei Ma Source Type: research

The Relish/miR-275/Dredd mediated negative feedback loop is crucial to restoring immune homeostasis of Drosophila Imd pathway
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct 5:104013. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104013. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe NF-κB/Relish, as a core transcription factor of Drosophila immune deficiency (Imd) pathway, activates the transcriptions of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to combat gram-negative bacterial infections, but its role in regulating miRNA expression during immune response has less been reported. We here describe a negative feedback loop of Imd signaling mediated by Relish/miR-275/Dredd that controls Drosophila immune homeostasis after Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection. Our results demonstrate that Relish may directl...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wanwan Pan Xiaolong Yao Lu Lin Xiaoqi Liu Ping Jin Fei Ma Source Type: research

Pyruvate kinase is post-translationally regulated by sirtuin 2 in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct 3:104015. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104015. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe previously demonstrated that Aedes aegypti pyruvate kinase (AaPK) plays a key role in the regulation of both carbon and nitrogen metabolism in mosquitoes. To further elucidate whether AaPK can be post-translationally regulated by Ae. aegypti sirtuin 2 (AaSirt2), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from acetylated lysine residues, we conducted a series of analysis in non-starved and starved female mosquitoes. Transcriptional and protein profiles of AaSirt2, analyzed by qPCR and ...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 5, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Natthida Petchampai Jun Isoe Prashanth Balaraman Max Oscherwitz Brendan H Carter Cecilia G S ánchez Patricia Y Scaraffia Source Type: research

Pyruvate kinase is post-translationally regulated by sirtuin 2 in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct 3:104015. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104015. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe previously demonstrated that Aedes aegypti pyruvate kinase (AaPK) plays a key role in the regulation of both carbon and nitrogen metabolism in mosquitoes. To further elucidate whether AaPK can be post-translationally regulated by Ae. aegypti sirtuin 2 (AaSirt2), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from acetylated lysine residues, we conducted a series of analysis in non-starved and starved female mosquitoes. Transcriptional and protein profiles of AaSirt2, analyzed by qPCR and ...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 5, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Natthida Petchampai Jun Isoe Prashanth Balaraman Max Oscherwitz Brendan H Carter Cecilia G S ánchez Patricia Y Scaraffia Source Type: research

Pyruvate kinase is post-translationally regulated by sirtuin 2 in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct 3:104015. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104015. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe previously demonstrated that Aedes aegypti pyruvate kinase (AaPK) plays a key role in the regulation of both carbon and nitrogen metabolism in mosquitoes. To further elucidate whether AaPK can be post-translationally regulated by Ae. aegypti sirtuin 2 (AaSirt2), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that catalyzes the removal of acetyl groups from acetylated lysine residues, we conducted a series of analysis in non-starved and starved female mosquitoes. Transcriptional and protein profiles of AaSirt2, analyzed by qPCR and ...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 5, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Natthida Petchampai Jun Isoe Prashanth Balaraman Max Oscherwitz Brendan H Carter Cecilia G S ánchez Patricia Y Scaraffia Source Type: research

Crystal structures of PirA and PirB toxins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Sep 29:104014. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPirAB binary toxin from Photorhabdus is toxic to the larvae of dipteran and lepidopteran insect pests. However, the 3-D structures and their toxicity mechanism are not yet fully understood. Here we report the crystal structures of PirA and PirB proteins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1 at 1.6 and 2.1 Å, respectively. PirA comprises of eight β-strands depicting jelly-roll topology while PirB folds into two distinct domains, an N-terminal domain (PirB-N) made up of seven α-helices and a C-terminal do...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arpit Prashar Omkar U Kinkar Ashwani Kumar Ashok B Hadapad Ravindra D Makde Ramesh S Hire Source Type: research

Crystal structures of PirA and PirB toxins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Sep 29:104014. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPirAB binary toxin from Photorhabdus is toxic to the larvae of dipteran and lepidopteran insect pests. However, the 3-D structures and their toxicity mechanism are not yet fully understood. Here we report the crystal structures of PirA and PirB proteins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1 at 1.6 and 2.1 Å, respectively. PirA comprises of eight β-strands depicting jelly-roll topology while PirB folds into two distinct domains, an N-terminal domain (PirB-N) made up of seven α-helices and a C-terminal do...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arpit Prashar Omkar U Kinkar Ashwani Kumar Ashok B Hadapad Ravindra D Makde Ramesh S Hire Source Type: research

Crystal structures of PirA and PirB toxins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Sep 29:104014. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPirAB binary toxin from Photorhabdus is toxic to the larvae of dipteran and lepidopteran insect pests. However, the 3-D structures and their toxicity mechanism are not yet fully understood. Here we report the crystal structures of PirA and PirB proteins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1 at 1.6 and 2.1 Å, respectively. PirA comprises of eight β-strands depicting jelly-roll topology while PirB folds into two distinct domains, an N-terminal domain (PirB-N) made up of seven α-helices and a C-terminal do...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arpit Prashar Omkar U Kinkar Ashwani Kumar Ashok B Hadapad Ravindra D Makde Ramesh S Hire Source Type: research

Crystal structures of PirA and PirB toxins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Sep 29:104014. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104014. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPirAB binary toxin from Photorhabdus is toxic to the larvae of dipteran and lepidopteran insect pests. However, the 3-D structures and their toxicity mechanism are not yet fully understood. Here we report the crystal structures of PirA and PirB proteins from Photorhabdus akhurstii subsp. Akhurstii K-1 at 1.6 and 2.1 Å, respectively. PirA comprises of eight β-strands depicting jelly-roll topology while PirB folds into two distinct domains, an N-terminal domain (PirB-N) made up of seven α-helices and a C-terminal do...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Arpit Prashar Omkar U Kinkar Ashwani Kumar Ashok B Hadapad Ravindra D Makde Ramesh S Hire Source Type: research

Chemosensory proteins as putative semiochemical carriers in the desert isopod Hemilepistus reaumurii
In this study, we have sequenced and analysed the transcriptomes of antennae and of the first pair of legs of H. reaumurii focusing on soluble olfactory proteins. Interestingly, we have found 13 genes encoding CSPs, whose sequences differ from those of the other arthropod clades, including non-isopod crustaceans, for the presence of two additional cysteine residues, besides the four conserved ones. Binding assays on two of these proteins showed strong affinities for fatty acids and long-chain unsaturated esters and aldehydes, putative semiochemicals for this species.PMID:37743031 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104012 (Source: I...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 24, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alessio Iannucci Jiao Zhu Livio Antonielli Anas Ayari Karima Nasri-Ammar Wolfgang Knoll Paolo Pelosi Francesca Romana Dani Source Type: research

Chemosensory proteins as putative semiochemical carriers in the desert isopod Hemilepistus reaumurii
In this study, we have sequenced and analysed the transcriptomes of antennae and of the first pair of legs of H. reaumurii focusing on soluble olfactory proteins. Interestingly, we have found 13 genes encoding CSPs, whose sequences differ from those of the other arthropod clades, including non-isopod crustaceans, for the presence of two additional cysteine residues, besides the four conserved ones. Binding assays on two of these proteins showed strong affinities for fatty acids and long-chain unsaturated esters and aldehydes, putative semiochemicals for this species.PMID:37743031 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104012 (Source: I...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 24, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alessio Iannucci Jiao Zhu Livio Antonielli Anas Ayari Karima Nasri-Ammar Wolfgang Knoll Paolo Pelosi Francesca Romana Dani Source Type: research

Chemosensory proteins as putative semiochemical carriers in the desert isopod Hemilepistus reaumurii
In this study, we have sequenced and analysed the transcriptomes of antennae and of the first pair of legs of H. reaumurii focusing on soluble olfactory proteins. Interestingly, we have found 13 genes encoding CSPs, whose sequences differ from those of the other arthropod clades, including non-isopod crustaceans, for the presence of two additional cysteine residues, besides the four conserved ones. Binding assays on two of these proteins showed strong affinities for fatty acids and long-chain unsaturated esters and aldehydes, putative semiochemicals for this species.PMID:37743031 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104012 (Source: I...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 24, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alessio Iannucci Jiao Zhu Livio Antonielli Anas Ayari Karima Nasri-Ammar Wolfgang Knoll Paolo Pelosi Francesca Romana Dani Source Type: research

Chemosensory proteins as putative semiochemical carriers in the desert isopod Hemilepistus reaumurii
In this study, we have sequenced and analysed the transcriptomes of antennae and of the first pair of legs of H. reaumurii focusing on soluble olfactory proteins. Interestingly, we have found 13 genes encoding CSPs, whose sequences differ from those of the other arthropod clades, including non-isopod crustaceans, for the presence of two additional cysteine residues, besides the four conserved ones. Binding assays on two of these proteins showed strong affinities for fatty acids and long-chain unsaturated esters and aldehydes, putative semiochemicals for this species.PMID:37743031 | DOI:10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104012 (Source: I...
Source: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - September 24, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Alessio Iannucci Jiao Zhu Livio Antonielli Anas Ayari Karima Nasri-Ammar Wolfgang Knoll Paolo Pelosi Francesca Romana Dani Source Type: research