Editorial: Nutrigenomics: omics of maternal nutrition and foetal programming
(Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 8, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Searching for gene-gene interactions through variance quantitative trait loci of 29 continuous Taiwan Biobank phenotypes
This study provided a computationally feasible way to search for GxG genome-wide and applied this approach to 29 phenotypes. (Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 7, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Uganda chicken genetic resources: II. genetic diversity and population demographic history inferred from mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences
This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of the indigenous chicken population in Uganda to serve as an essential component for improvement and conservation strategies. A set of 344 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences among 12 Ugandan chicken populations was evaluated. Twenty-eight polymorphic sites, accounting for 4.26% of the total analyzed loci of 658 bp, defined 32 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.437, with a nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.0169, while the average number of nucleotide differences (k) was 0.576, indicating a population that is moderately genetically diverse....
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 7, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Mendelian randomization study shows no causal relationship between psychiatric disorders and glaucoma in European and East Asian populations
Conclusion: This study found a non-causal association between psychiatric disorders and the risk of glaucoma in the European and East Asian populations, which contradicts many existing observational reports, indicating that increased psychiatric disorders in glaucoma patients were more likely modifiable rather not inheritable. (Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 7, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
tRNA engineering strategies for genetic code expansion
The advancement of genetic code expansion (GCE) technology is attributed to the establishment of specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs. While earlier improvements mainly focused on aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, recent studies have highlighted the importance of optimizing tRNA sequences to enhance both unnatural amino acid incorporation efficiency and orthogonality. Given the crucial role of tRNAs in the translation process and their substantial impact on overall GCE efficiency, ongoing efforts are dedicated to the development of tRNA engineering techniques. This review explores diverse tRNA engineering approaches and...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 7, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
High-resolution genomic profiling and locus-specific FISH in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of obese patients
Obesity is known as a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease. The distribution of body fat is crucial for the development of metabolic complications. Comprehensive genetic analyses on different fat tissues are rare but necessary to provide more detailed information. Therefore, we performed genetic analyses of three patients with obesity using high resolution genome wide SNP array (blood, visceral fat tissue) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses (visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue). Altogether, we identified 31 small Copy Number Variations (losses: 1p31.1, 1p22.2, 1q21.3, 2q34, 2q37.1, 3q28, 6p25.3, 7q...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 7, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Elucidating the role of TWIST1 in ulcerative colitis: a comprehensive bioinformatics and machine learning approach
Conclusion: TWIST1 plays a significant role in UC and has potential as a diagnostic marker. This study sheds light on UC’s molecular mechanisms and underscores TWIST1’s importance in its progression. Further research is needed to validate these findings in diverse populations and investigate TWIST1 as a therapeutic target in UC. (Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 6, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Comparative stigmatic transcriptomics reveals self and cross pollination responses to heteromorphic incompatibility in Plumbago auriculata Lam.
In this study, RNA-seq was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying self-compatible (SC, “T × P” and “P × T”) and self-incompatible (SI, “T × T” and “P × P”) pollination in the two types of flowers of Plumbago auriculata Lam. which is a representative HetSI plant. By comparing “T × P” vs. “T × T”, 3773 (1407 upregulated and 2366 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, 1261 DEGs between “P × T” and “P × P” (502 upregulated and 759 downregulated). The processes in which these DEGs were significantly enriched were “MAPK (Mitogen-Activated ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 6, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Hybrid de novo and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Vechur cattle — elucidating genetic variation
Cattle contribute to the nutritional needs and economy of a place. The performance and fitness of cattle depend on the response and adaptation to local climatic conditions. Genomic and genetic studies are important for advancing cattle breeding, and availability of relevant reference genomes is essential. In the present study, the genome of a Vechur calf was sequenced on both short-read Illumina and long-read Nanopore sequencing platforms. The hybrid de novo assembly approach was deployed to obtain an average contig length of 1.97 Mbp and an N50 of 4.94 Mbp. By using a short-read genome sequence of the corresponding sire a...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 6, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Long read sequencing on its way to the routine diagnostics of genetic diseases
The clinical application of technological progress in the identification of DNA alterations has always led to improvements of diagnostic yields in genetic medicine. At chromosome side, from cytogenetic techniques evaluating number and gross structural defects to genomic microarrays detecting cryptic copy number variants, and at molecular level, from Sanger method studying the nucleotide sequence of single genes to the high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, resolution and sensitivity progressively increased expanding considerably the range of detectable DNA anomalies and alongside of Mendelian disord...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 6, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification of a novel KCNT2 variant in a family with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: a case report and literature review
Conclusion: Epilepsy and intellectual disability/developmental delay occur in almost all patients with KCNT2 variants. KCNT2-relevant DEEs partially overlap with the clinical phenotypes of KATP channel diseases, particularly in hypertrichosis and distinctive coarse facial features. (Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 6, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Editorial: Molecular and breeding mechanisms for enhanced performance in underutilized leguminous crops in Africa
(Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 5, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Flexible gold standards for transcription factor regulatory interactions in Escherichia coli K-12: architecture of evidence types
Post-genomic implementations have expanded the experimental strategies to identify elements involved in the regulation of transcription initiation. Here, we present for the first time a detailed analysis of the sources of knowledge supporting the collection of transcriptional regulatory interactions (RIs) of Escherichia coli K-12. An RI groups the transcription factor, its effect (positive or negative) and the regulated target, a promoter, a gene or transcription unit. We improved the evidence codes so that specific methods are incorporated and classified into independent groups. On this basis we updated the computation of...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 5, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Editorial: Non-coding RNA elements as regulators of host –pathogen interactions
(Source: Frontiers in Genetics)
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 5, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Role of circular RNAs in lung cancer
Lung cancer remains a global public health concern with significant research focus on developing better diagnosis/prognosis biomarkers and therapeutical targets. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of single-stranded RNA molecules that covalently closed and have ubiquitous expression. These molecules have been implicated in a variety of disease mechanisms, including lung cancer, as they exhibit oncogenic or tumor suppressor characteristics. Recent research has shown an important role that circRNAs play at different stages of lung cancer, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma. In this review, we summarize the latest research ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - March 4, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
