Disparities in Technology and Broadband Internet Access Across Rurality: Implications for Health and Education
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, interest in using telehealth to increase access to health and mental health care has grown, and school transitions to remote learning have heightened awareness of broadband inequities. The purpose of this study was to examine access and barriers to technology and broadband Internet service (“broadband”) among rural and urban youth. Washington State public school districts were surveyed about youth's access to technology (ie, a device adequate for online learning) and broadband availability in spring 2020. Availability of and barriers to broadband (ie, geography, affordability, and smartpho...
Source: Family and Community Health - August 20, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Intervention to Reduce Stigma and Improve Knowledge of HPV and Cervical Cancer in Nigeria: A Community-Based Assessment
We compared the effectiveness of an educational intervention at reducing stigma and improving knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer among Nigerian men and women. We used a pre-/posttest design to deliver 2 educational interventions to 266 adults. Low knowledge was observed at baseline, which improved significantly post-intervention with no difference between groups. No significant changes were observed between groups in 5 out the 6 stigma domains. Health education was effective in improving knowledge. However, the lack of positive change in stigma shows urgent need for HPV and cervical cancer stigma r...
Source: Family and Community Health - August 20, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Disparities in Elevated Body Mass Index in Youth Receiving Care at Community Health Centers
This study describes the prevalence of obesity among youth of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds receiving care at community health centers (CHCs). This cross-sectional study describes the prevalence of elevated body mass index (BMI) (≥85th percentile) and obesity (≥95th percentile) in youth aged 9 to 19 years receiving care in CHCs in 2014. Multilevel logistic regression estimated the prevalence of elevated BMI and obesity by age, race/ethnicity, and sex. Among 64 925 youth, 40% had elevated BMI and 22% were obese. By race, obesity was lowest in the combined Asian/Pacific Islander category (13%); however, when subg...
Source: Family and Community Health - August 20, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Commentary: COVID-19 and the Vulnerability of Single Mothers in Institutions of Higher Education
No abstract available (Source: Family and Community Health)
Source: Family and Community Health - August 20, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Consumers' Ability to Distinguish Between Milk Types: Results of Blind Taste Testing
The objective of this study was to assess consumers' ability to correctly identify different types of milk in a blind taste test and correlates of plans to purchase lower fat milk. Adults from 8 supermarkets in low-income neighborhoods tasted 3 types of unlabeled lower fat or fat-free milk samples and guessed the type of each sample. Of the 1074 participants, only 7.6% were able to identify all 3 unlabeled samples correctly. Most adults in this study reported consuming higher fat milk and could not correctly identify milk type by taste alone. Blind taste tests may encourage consumers to drink lower fat milk. (Source: Famil...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Association Between Sense of Coherence and Periodontal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between sense of coherence (SOC) and periodontal outcomes. Electronic searches were performed in 6 databases. Seventeen studies that evaluated the association between SOC and periodontal outcomes were included. The included studies demonstrated that individuals with a stronger SOC were more likely to present improved periodontal outcomes. The meta-analysis showed that individuals with a lower SOC were 3.31 times more likely to present bleeding on probing. Sons/daughters of mothers with a lower SOC were 3.22 times more likely to present gingival blee...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Keeping Each Other Accountable: Social Strategies for Smoking Cessation and Healthy Living in Vietnamese American Men
This study explored social support mechanisms provided by lay health workers (LHWs) and family members through a smoking cessation intervention. Eight focus groups (N = 54) were conducted in Vietnamese stratified by intervention arms (Tobacco [experimental] and healthy living [control]) with 18 smokers, 18 family members, and 18 LHWs. Smokers reported feeling more accountable for their health behaviors, and smoking changes were reinforced by family members, peers, and LHWs through conversations facilitated during and outside the program. Culturally appropriate interventions with multiple social support mechanisms may reduc...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Lessons From the Feasibility Testing of a Parent-Focused, Life Skills–Based Intervention to Prevent Obesity in Preschoolers From Underserved Families
This article describes lessons from the feasibility testing of a parent-focused, life skills–based intervention to promote healthy weight in 58 low-income children aged 2 to 5 years. This intervention was feasible and acceptable, with a potential to impact child weight and diet (calories) and parental quality of life (QOL). The group delivery approach through a partnering organization (Head Start) was a more efficient way to reach/engage parents. Compared with one-on-one sessions, the group could provide an avenue to enhance parental psychosocial well-being, given QOL improvements among parents in group sessions. Lessons...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Mass Incarceration and Children's Health: A State-Level Analysis of Adverse Birth Outcomes and Infant, Child, and Teen Mortality
Children's health indicators such as mortality and adverse birth outcomes are poorer in the United States than in comparable nations. These measures also show racial inequities within the United States, with Black children experiencing the highest levels. Mass incarceration may partially explain these findings. High incarceration rates can disrupt community functioning, influencing behavior and health. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a macro (state)-level analysis examining whether yearly state incarceration rates predict health outcomes including infant, child, and teen mortality as well as preterm birth a...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Paying for Pediatric Home Health Care: How Families of Children With Medical Complexity Navigate Gaps in Coverage
Limited private and public financing of home health care for children with medical complexity can have harmful and costly consequences. Little is known of how parents and professionals in the United States navigate coverage for these services or how payer restrictions are shaping service quality. Qualitative interviews were conducted with families and professionals (eg, prescribers, providers, administrators of pediatric home health care [PHHC]) caring for children with medical complexity. Interview transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. In total, 47 families and 45 professionals from across 31 states...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Forgoing Care in Southernmost Texas: Compounding Hardship and Health Among Latinx Immigrant Border Residents
This study examines how material hardship and perceived discrimination are associated with health care access and self-rated health among lower Rio Grande Valley residents. Of respondents to surveys administered at 2 clinic systems (N = 546), approximately 67% reported forgoing medical care in the past 12 months. Regression results suggested that perceived discrimination (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05, P (Source: Family and Community Health)
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Laboring With the Heart: Promotoras:'Transformations, Professional Challenges, and Relationships With Communities
Little is known about promotoras' professional experiences engaging in Latinx health promotion. In this promotora-led community-based participatory study, we purposively recruited and interviewed 30 Spanish-speaking promotoras who worked in Los Angeles County and who had at least 5 years of experience as promotoras. Using a constructivist grounded theory approach, findings revealed promotoras self-identified as health professionals who offered unique, insider perspectives. Challenges arose as employers viewed promotoras as volunteer lay health workers, while promotoras desired opportunities for professional growth. Motivat...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Active Play Network Influences on Physical Activity Among Children Living in Texas Colonias
This study aims to understand associations between self-reported play networks and PA among Mexican-heritage children. Mexican-heritage children from colonias along the Texas-Mexico border (n = 44; 54.5% girls; mean age = 9.89 years, SD = 0.97) reported information on up to 5 people they played with most often. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between composition of children's social network and minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA) and sedentary minutes per day measured by accelerometers. Children who reported a higher percentage of friends as opposed to family members attained signifi...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Generational Status, Language Use, Parental Limit Setting, and Screen Time in US Latinx Children
We examined the effect of generational status and language use on screen time in 6- to 11-year-old Latinx children and whether parental limit setting mediated that relationship. Participants included 3127 children (aged 9.2 ± 2.0 years; 54% male) from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health. Spanish language use was associated with 14.0 more minutes per day of screen time (P = .038); parental limit setting partially mediated this relationship (11.4%). Future research should explore the protective role of parental limit setting in reducing screen time in Latinx children. (Source: Family and Community Health)
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Local Health Department and Hospital Collaboration Around Community Health Needs Assessment to Improve Health Outcomes
The objectives of this study were to examine the relationships between local health department (LHD) and nonprofit hospital collaboration around community health needs assessment (CHNA), levels of collaboration, and selected community health outcomes. Data were obtained from multiple sources including the National Profile of Local Health Departments. Results showed that high levels of LHD-hospital collaboration around CHNA were associated with lower self-reported poor or fair health, lower years of potential life lost per 100 000 population, and lower premature age-adjusted mortality per 100 000 population. More research i...
Source: Family and Community Health - May 27, 2021 Category: Primary Care Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
