Transition from childhood to adolescence: steps to be taken
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to give an overview of recent literature on transitional care of children with complex urological disease.
Recent findings
Most studies on transitional care concerned spina bifida patients. Assessment of current practices revealed that formalized clinics for transitional care may improve healthcare. However, there is still little consensus among healthcare providers on how to organize transitional care. A widely recognized problem is a lack of interested, dedicated, and well-trained staff for transitional care and lifelong follow-up of complex urological patients and also a...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 28, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEUROUROLOGY AND INCONTINENCE: Edited by John Heesakkers and Frank Martens Source Type: research
Treatment of neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms: main contributions from 2018 and 2019
Purpose of review
This review aims to update the studies involving the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in neurogenic patients, published in the last two years.
Recent findings
Treatment of neurogenic LUTS (NLUTS) patients with β3 adrenoreceptor agonists was investigated in real-life conditions. A randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of antimuscarinics versus onabotulinum toxin A in neurogenic patients. The use of desmopressin to treat nocturia in multiple sclerosis patients is also reported. The long-term treatment with BontA efficacy, its discontinuation, and possible strategies to main...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 28, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEUROUROLOGY AND INCONTINENCE: Edited by John Heesakkers and Frank Martens Source Type: research
Recent advances in neuroimaging of bladder, bowel and sexual function
Purpose of review
In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the neural control of the bladder, bowel and sexual function, in both men and women.
Recent findings
Evidence of supraspinal areas controlling the storage of urine and micturition in animals, such as the pontine micturition centre, emerged in the early 20th century. Neurological stimulation and lesion studies in humans provided additional indirect evidence for additional bladder-related brain areas. Thereafter, functional neuroimaging in humans with PET and fMRI provided more direct evidence of the involvement of these brain areas. ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 28, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEUROUROLOGY AND INCONTINENCE: Edited by John Heesakkers and Frank Martens Source Type: research
Editorial: Neurourology and incontinence
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 28, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEUROUROLOGY AND INCONTINENCE: Edited by John Heesakkers and Frank Martens Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 28, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Novel technologies that change the diagnostic and treatment paradigm in urology: standard turbt remains the standard
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: POINT-COUNTERPOINT Source Type: research
Novel technologies that change the diagnostic and treatment paradigm in urology: En-bloc as the new treatment standard
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: POINT-COUNTERPOINT Source Type: research
Management of de-novo urothelial carcinoma in transplanted patients
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to review incidence, risk factors, and optimal management of de-novo urothelial carcinoma in transplant recipients.
Recent findings
There is a two to three-fold increased risk for de-novo malignant tumors after solid-organ transplantation, but there is currently no consensus regarding optimal management of de-novo urothelial carcinoma in transplanted patients. Known risk factors include polyomavirus BK, aristolochic acid, and smoking. Data suggest a higher rate of high-grade tumors, as well as predominantly higher stage at primary diagnosis, for both NMIBC and muscle-invasi...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Frontiers in combining immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced urothelial cancer management
Purpose of review
This review provides an overview of currently ongoing clinical trials evaluating the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) with other therapies in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer and the rationale for this combination approach. We discuss the preliminary results from early data presented at recent meetings regarding the efficacy and safety of novel combination therapies including a CPI for metastatic urothelial cancer.
Recent findings
CPI emerged as novel first-line or second-line treatment options in advanced and metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). Although the response ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Catalog of exogenous risk factors for bladder carcinogenesis
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to provide an overview of recent findings regarding the risk factors for bladder cancer.
Recent findings
Most of the available data derive from retrospective analysis. Smoking represents the most common and important risk factor. Occupational, dietary, and environmental exogenic carcinogen exposure, as well as several lifestyle factors, can increase the risk of developing bladder cancer.
Summary
Bladder cancer is a common malignancy worldwide. Cigarette smoking, exposure to aromatic amines and arsenic are known risk factors for bladder cancer. Evidence on other modifiabl...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Ureteral and urethral recurrence after radical cystectomy: a systematic review
Purpose of review
The clinical significance of ureteral and urethral recurrence in patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer is scarce and heterogeneous. The aim of the current review is to summarize the recent literature on incidence, diagnosis and oncologic outcomes of ureteral and urethral recurrences after radical cystectomy.
Recent findings
Frozen section analysis (FSA) of ureteral margin had a sensitivity and specificity of 69–77 and 83–96%, respectively. Considering the ureteral margin, the reported sensitivity and specificity were 33–93 and 99–100%, respectively. Transurethral biopsy ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Current status and future directions of the use of novel immunotherapeutic agents in bladder cancer
Purpose of review
To report the available information on the current status and future direction of the use of checkpoint inhibitors as novel immunotherapeutic agents in bladder cancer.
Recent findings
In the past 3 years, five immunotherapies targeting programmed cell death 1 (Pembrolizumab and Durvalumab) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (Atezolizumab, nivolumab and Avelumab) pathways have been approved in second-line setting for patients who progressed during or after cisplatin-based chemotherapy. According to the most recent update, these patients should be PD-L1-positive to be eligible for immunotherapy....
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
En bloc resection of bladder tumors: indications, techniques, and future directions
Purpose of review
En bloc resection of bladder tumor (ERBT) is an innovative new surgical technique, the use of which is becoming increasingly widespread. In this review, we analyze the recent literature and explore new developments, which may impact the future role of en bloc bladder surgery.
Recent findings
ERBT increases the frequency with which detrusor muscle is present in the specimen (to 95%) and offers a significant improvement in the quality of the resection specimen, thereby helping with T1 substaging. Furthermore, the laser treatment reduces the rate of obturator nerve-related bladder perforation.
Summary ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Ileal conduit or orthotopic neobladder: selection and contemporary patterns of use
Purpose of review
The orthotopic neobladder and ileal conduit are the two most commonly utilized urinary diversions among patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Although orthotopic diversion offers several advantages, only 20% of patients nationally receive this diversion, with decreasing utilization over time. The purpose of this article is to review advantages of each diversion type and considerations in patient selection, review trends in diversion utilization and perioperative and functional outcomes, and examine recent studies evaluating methods of optimizing diversion selection and patient satisfaction and outcome...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
Utility of lymphadenectomy in bladder cancer: where do we stand?
Purpose of review
The aim of this review is to provide insight into the current state of lymph node dissection (LND) during radical cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer (BCa).
Recent findings
The first prospective, multicenter, randomized, phase III trial to assess the therapeutic benefit of extended versus limited LND at the time of radical cystectomy failed to demonstrate relevant improvement with extended LND, but showed that this approach does not increase overall complications. Although contemporary rate of LND during radical cystectomy has increased, it remains suboptimal. Minimally invasive radical cystec...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - April 1, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: BLADDER CANCER: Edited by Juan Palou and Óscar Rodríguez Faba Source Type: research
