Sex cord stromal tumors and tumors of the paratestis: new and old entities in a landscape of rare tumors
Purpose of review
The 5th edition of WHO classification incorporates the most relevant new data available in the literature regarding tumors of the male genitourinary tract. In this review, the authors summarize and critically discuss the most relevant new information regarding tumors occurring in the stromal testis and in the paratestis that will be reported in the new edition of WHO classification of tumors of the male genitourinary tract.
Recent findings
Signet-ring stromal tumors (SRST) and myoid gonadal stromal tumors (MGST) are two new entities brought in the 5th WHO classification of testicular tumors. Al...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - June 29, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: URO PATHOLOGY: Edited by Eva M. Compérat Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - June 29, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Laser accessories: surgical fibers, strippers, cleavers, and protective glasses
Purpose of review
This review provides most recent findings and developments relating to surgical laser fibers, strippers, cleavers, and protective glasses.
Recent findings
The smallest core diameter that can be used with Holmium:YAG lasers is 200 μm. Smaller core diameter fibers can be used with the Thulium fiber laser and offer better flexibility and lower risk of fracture, at the risk of greater burnback effect. Misleading discrepancies between the true diameter of laser fibers and their packaging labels must be considered. Fiber tip degradation from the burnback occurs within few minutes, thus questioning...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Holmium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser with Moses: does it make a difference?
Purpose of review
Moses effect is an inherent physical principle of Ho:YAG laser functioning. Moses Technology is a pulse modulation modality of Ho:YAG laser, which became commercially available for the treatment of two urological conditions: urinary stones and benign prostatic obstruction. The purpose of this narrative review is to distinguish between Moses effect and Moses Technology, as well as to summarize the latest evidence on Moses Technology and its main application in the urological field.
Recent findings
During laboratory lithotripsy, Moses Technology seems to reduce stone retropulsion and determine hi...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Reimbursement of surgical procedures for benign prostatic hyperplasia: are we disincentivizing complex care?
Purpose of review
To provide an overview of how surgical benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) procedures are compensated in the United States and the implications of the current reimbursement system on the care of patients.
Recent findings
The resource-based relative value care system is Medicare's current reimbursement model. There is strong evidence that the current system does not adequately account for complex care. Consequently, for BPH surgical procedures, treatment options best suited for complex patients are not adequately reimbursed which may have implications on healthcare delivery and outcomes.
Summa...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Implications and effects of COVID-19 on diagnosis and management of prostate cancer
Purpose of review
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to uncertainty on the optimal management for prostate cancer (PCa). This narrative review aims to shed light on the optimal diagnosis and management of patients with or suspected to have PCa.
Recent findings
Faecal-oral or aerosol transmission is possible during prostate procedures; caution must be in place when performing digital rectal examinations, transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies and prostate surgeries requiring general anaesthesia. Patients must also be triaged using preoperative polymerase chain reaction tests for COV...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: SPECIAL COMMENTARIES Source Type: research
Implications of DNA damage repair alterations for the management of prostate cancer
Purpose of review
In this review, we summarize the prevalence of alterations in DNA damage repair (DDR) genes in prostate cancer, their clinical significance, the therapeutic strategies developed to take advantage of the impaired tumour ability to repair DNA and the diagnostic approaches available to identify patients likely to benefit from DDR-targeting agents.
Recent findings
DDR alterations are more frequent in metastatic than in localized prostate cancer and some of them associate with aggressive disease whereas the significance of others remain unclear. The most appropriate management approach for DDR-defec...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
The role of chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer
Purpose of review
To summarize the role of chemotherapy and offer some guidance regarding the selection of chemotherapy in mPC.
Recent findings
Patients with mHSPC have varied prognoses with testosterone suppression alone (androgen deprivation therapy, ADT) and differential responses to docetaxel with ADT. Patients with de novo and metachronous high-volume disease have a robust survival benefit with the addition of docetaxel to hormonal therapies. Patients with synchronous low-volume disease have a more modest survival benefit from docetaxel and there is no evidence of survival benefit with docetaxel in patients...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
Review of second-generation androgen receptor inhibitor therapies and their role in prostate cancer management
Purpose of review
We review the published literature on the indications of second-generation androgen receptor inhibitors, Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, combination therapies, and their evolution throughout the advanced prostate cancer continuum.
Recent findings
Enzalutamide trials have published data supporting its use in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC), and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Apalutamide trials have supported its indication for mHSPC and nmCRPC. Darolutamide trials currently ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
The role of radiotherapy in oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer
Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to review the role of radiotherapy in the management of oligometastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC).
Recent findings
The M1|RT STAMPEDE trial showed a survival advantage to prostate radiotherapy in newly diagnosed oligometastatic HSPC. The combination of prostate radiotherapy with systemic treatment is now the recommended standard of care. Metastases-directed therapy (MDT) with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in the STOMP and ORIOLE trial reported excellent local control and a survival advantage in metachronous oligometastatic HSPC. Results were...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
The role of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/computed tomography in the management of prostate cancer patients: could we ask for more?
Purpose of review
Thanks to the development of novel PSMA-based peptides, molecular imaging, such as PET/CT paired with theranostic-based approaches have recently been proposed for treatment of prostate cancer. Patient selection, however, remains challenging because of the absence of strong prospective data to interpret and translate imaging scans into effective and well tolerated treatment regimens.
Recent findings
In this review, we discuss the latest findings in PSMA imaging in prostate cancer patients. Particularly, we go into detail into the impact of PSMA imaging on the treatment management in primary stag...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
Editorial: Metastatic prostate cancer: a wealth of data to put into practice
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Urology)
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: TREATMENT AND PATIENT SELECTION FOR PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC PROSTATE CANCER: Edited by Bertrand Tombal and Himisha Beltran Source Type: research
Assessment after focal therapy: what is the latest?
Purpose of review
To review assessment after focal therapy (FT) in the context of developments from the past two years.
Recent findings
With a paucity of high-quality studies, recent findings are primarily reliant on results from institutional-based cohorts and reports of expert consensus. Notably, oncologic treatment failure should be further stratified into recurrence in the in-field or out-of-field ablation zone, and both regions should be surveilled postoperatively. Monitoring primarily consists of periodic evaluations of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and magnetic resonance imaging, with histologic...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEW FRONTIERS IN FOCAL THERAPY IN URO-ONCOLOGY: Edited by Behfar Ehdaie and Rafael Sanchez-Salas Source Type: research
How to present quality of life outcomes after focal therapy: using validated instruments and novel statistical methods
Purpose of review
To provide an up-to-date summary of widely used patient-reported measures for focal therapy quality of life outcomes and review contemporary analytic methods and recommendations for data visualization.
Recent findings
Measures such as pad-use, or preferably validated instruments such as the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire, MSKCC Prostate Quality of Life Survey, or Expanded Prostate Cancer Index (EPIC) should be used for urinary function assessment. Sexual Function can be assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function or EPIC, but researchers must be careful ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEW FRONTIERS IN FOCAL THERAPY IN URO-ONCOLOGY: Edited by Behfar Ehdaie and Rafael Sanchez-Salas Source Type: research
Tumour microenvironment and focal therapy for prostate cancer
Purpose of review
Although most studies focus on the tumour component of prostate cancer (PCa), increasing attention is being paid to the prostatic tumour microenvironment (TME) and its role in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy development. Herein, we review the prognostic capability of tumour and nontumour derived biomarkers, the immunomodulatory effects of focal therapy (FT) on TME, and its potential as part of a multidisciplinary approach to PCa treatment.
Recent Findings
Tumour cells have always been the natural candidates to explore new biomarkers, but recent evidence highlights the prognostic contribution ...
Source: Current Opinion in Urology - May 1, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: NEW FRONTIERS IN FOCAL THERAPY IN URO-ONCOLOGY: Edited by Behfar Ehdaie and Rafael Sanchez-Salas Source Type: research
