Enhancing human cord blood hematopoietic stem cell engraftment by targeting nuclear hormone receptors
Purpose of review
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a life-saving therapy for hematological and nonhematological diseases. Cord blood is a source of transplantable hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but limited numbers of HSCs in single cord blood units, which may cause delayed neutrophil, platelet, and immune cell reconstitution, is a major problem for efficient transplantation. Ex-vivo expansion and enhanced homing of cord blood HSC may overcome this disadvantage and improve its long-term engraftment. Here, we discuss the role of nuclear hormone receptors signaling in human cord blood HSC engraftment...
Source: Current Opinion in Hematology - June 7, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: HEMATOPOIESIS: Edited by Hal E. Broxmeyer Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Hematology)
Source: Current Opinion in Hematology - June 7, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: Editorial Introductions Source Type: research
Endothelial cell biology of Endoglin in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Purpose of review
Mutations in the Endoglin (Eng) gene, an auxiliary receptor in the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-superfamily signaling pathway, are responsible for the human vascular disorder hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) type 1, characterized in part by blood vessel enlargement. A growing body of work has uncovered an autonomous role for Eng in endothelial cells. We will highlight the influence of Eng on distinct cellular behaviors, such as migration and shape control, which are ultimately important for the assignment of proper blood vessel diameters.
Recent findings
How endothelial cells es...
Source: Current Opinion in Hematology - April 5, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: VASCULAR BIOLOGY: Edited by Edward F. Plow Source Type: research
MicroRNAs in endothelial cell homeostasis and vascular disease
Purpose of review
Since the first discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) in 1993, the involvement of miRNAs in different aspects of vascular disease has emerged as an important research field. In this review, we summarize the fundamental roles of miRNAs in controlling endothelial cell functions and their implication with several aspects of vascular dysfunction.
Recent findings
MiRNAs have been found to be critical modulators of endothelial homeostasis. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to endothelial dysfunction and the development and progression of vascular disease which and open new opportunities of using miRNAs...
Source: Current Opinion in Hematology - April 5, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: VASCULAR BIOLOGY: Edited by Edward F. Plow Source Type: research
Endothelial cell protein C receptor-dependent signaling
Purpose of review
Endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR), a transmembrane glycoprotein present on the surface of endothelial cells and other cell types, is an essential component of the protein C (PC) anticoagulant system. EPCR is also shown to play a critical role in mediating activated protein C (APC)-induced cytoprotective signaling. The purpose of this review is to outline the mechanisms of EPCR-dependent cell signaling and discuss recent findings made in this area.
Recent findings
Recent studies showed that the cleavage of protease-activated receptor (PAR)1 at a noncanonical site by APC–EPCR or the canonica...
Source: Current Opinion in Hematology - April 5, 2018 Category: Hematology Tags: VASCULAR BIOLOGY: Edited by Edward F. Plow Source Type: research
