Implementing Medical Nutritional Therapy Through Dietary Patterns in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo review the studies assessing dietary patterns for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment and prevention recently published.Recent FindingsDifferent nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns have shown benefits in treatment and prevention of T2D. However, the implementation of nutritional strategies and making the information easily available to interested populations are a challenge.SummaryThe medical nutritional therapy recommendations included in the diabetes clinical practice guidelines were summarized, updated the studies reporting the effectiveness of dietary patterns on T2D, and proposed strateg...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly: a Practical Approach to Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is primarily a disease of the elderly. We summarize the literature on screening, diagnosis, and treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer in the elderly population.Recent FindingsLung cancer screening has resulted in a reduction in lung cancer mortality and is recommended in some patients up to 80 years old. Minimally invasive techniques, such as endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy, have allowed for low diagnostic complications rates in elderly patients. Surgical treatment remains the standard of care; however, stereotactic body radiation therapy in non-operative candidates has...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Mediterranean Diet to Promote Healthy Aging
AbstractPurposeThe Mediterranean diet is known to be one of the healthiest diet patterns to prevent chronic diseases but there is a need to know its role in increasing the quality of life or the physical function at older ages.Recent FindingsA systematic search was performed to answer the question “Does the adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern help individuals older than 65 years having a long and healthy live without physical function limitations?”SummaryThe search strategy obtained six articles (three were cross-sectional and three longitudinal studies). Two of the studies contained data from non-Mediterranean ...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) for Staging Lung Cancer in the Elderly Population —Specific Procedural and Medication Issues
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, and in the ageing population, the elderly account for the majority of cases. Treatment options are continually expanding, and when patients of a good performance status are suspected of having lung cancer, a systematic assessment to confirm the diagnosis and establish a stage is necessary. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a key tool, and we explore the utility of this in the elderly population.Recent FindingsOver the past 20 years, EBUS has been shown to be an invaluable tool, comparable and exceeding in some cases the traditional mediastino...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Public Health Nutrition Programs for the Elderly: Epidemiological Basis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to check the epidemiological foundations for the design and conceptualization of global healthy aging public policies with an emphasis in Latin America and the Caribbean.Recent FindingsThe differences in ages and abilities within the elderly group and the inequalities in the economic, behavioral, personal, social, health care, and environmental determinants influence their life expectancy and especially the expectation of healthy life. Overall, the poorest die and get sick earlier and the majority of deaths in low-income countries occurred before the age of 70. Accessing p...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Tailoring Treatment in Obstructive Lung Disease: Asthma, COPD, Asthma/COPD Overlap and Eosinophilic COPD
AbstractObstructive lung disease exacts a huge global health burden with a high prevalence of both asthma and COPD in elderly patients.Purpose of ReviewThis review is to update the general and elderly care physician on diagnosis and management of COPD and asthma and the recently established disease asthma/COPD overlap (ACO) and the particular challenges treating obstructive lung disease in elderly patients.Recent FindingsCOPD pharmacology has changed considerably in the last decade with a dramatic increase in the utility of single and dual long-acting bronchodilators both for symptom and exacerbation attenuation. The emerg...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Malignant Pleural Effusions —Personalised Management
ConclusionMPE management should be personalised, considering factors such as predicted survival, performance status, social support, local expertise and, most importantly, patient preference. IPCs are now more widely available as a treatment option and should be explored as a first-line treatment in selected patients. (Source: Current Geriatrics Reports)
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Lung Cancer in the Elderly —Important Considerations When Assessing Fitness for Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is increasingly a disease of the elderly. Historically, the information on how best to treat these patients is scant, but over recent years, there have been increasing data to support both systemic and targeted treatment as would be offered to younger patients. This paper aims to summarise the considerations behind this.Recent FindingsThe introduction of a screening tool to help understand the overall health of patients will ensure that older cancer patients are considered for all active anti-cancer therapies. These geriatric assessment tools include several important domains such as nu...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Muscle Wasting in the Hospitalised COPD Patients —How Can it Be Prevented and Treated?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCOPD exacerbations are widely recognised as a significant cause of mortality and morbidity through their impact on respiratory function but their effect on skeletal muscle function and mass receives less attention. In this article, we review the association of this entity with COPD, the potential contributing factors, and the evidence behind the interventions available to manage this condition with a focus on the elderly population.Recent FindingsIn patients with COPD, there has been a paradigm shift from the focus on body weight and mass index to a more detailed assessment of the loss of muscle ma...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases in the Elderly
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiffuse parenchymal lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders with varying clinical, physiologic, radiographic and pathologic presentations. Age of onset varies considerably. Interstitial lung abnormalities, and in particular, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), occur much more commonly in older persons. In recent years, advances have been made in understanding IPF pathogenesis and changes have occurred in relation to how IPF is managed.Recent FindingsThe cause of IPF remains unclear. It is thought that a non-specific injury in susceptible individuals triggers a progressive fibroti...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - September 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in the Elderly: a Practical Approach to Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is primarily a disease of the elderly. We summarize the literature on screening, diagnosis, and treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer in the elderly population.Recent FindingsLung cancer screening has resulted in a reduction in lung cancer mortality and is recommended in some patients up to 80 years old. Minimally invasive techniques, such as endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy, have allowed for low diagnostic complications rates in elderly patients. Surgical treatment remains the standard of care; however, stereotactic body radiation therapy in non-operative candidates has...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - August 8, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Tailoring Treatment in Obstructive Lung Disease: Asthma, COPD, Asthma/COPD Overlap and Eosinophilic COPD
AbstractObstructive lung disease exacts a huge global health burden with a high prevalence of both asthma and COPD in elderly patients.Purpose of ReviewThis review is to update the general and elderly care physician on diagnosis and management of COPD and asthma and the recently established disease asthma/COPD overlap (ACO) and the particular challenges treating obstructive lung disease in elderly patients.Recent FindingsCOPD pharmacology has changed considerably in the last decade with a dramatic increase in the utility of single and dual long-acting bronchodilators both for symptom and exacerbation attenuation. The emerg...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - August 4, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Lung Cancer in the Elderly —Important Considerations When Assessing Fitness for Treatment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is increasingly a disease of the elderly. Historically, the information on how best to treat these patients is scant, but over recent years, there have been increasing data to support both systemic and targeted treatment as would be offered to younger patients. This paper aims to summarise the considerations behind this.Recent FindingsThe introduction of a screening tool to help understand the overall health of patients will ensure that older cancer patients are considered for all active anti-cancer therapies. These geriatric assessment tools include several important domains such as nu...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - August 3, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) for Staging Lung Cancer in the Elderly Population —Specific Procedural and Medication Issues
AbstractPurpose of ReviewLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality, and in the ageing population, the elderly account for the majority of cases. Treatment options are continually expanding, and when patients of a good performance status are suspected of having lung cancer, a systematic assessment to confirm the diagnosis and establish a stage is necessary. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is a key tool, and we explore the utility of this in the elderly population.Recent FindingsOver the past 20 years, EBUS has been shown to be an invaluable tool, comparable and exceeding in some cases the traditional mediastino...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - July 16, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
