Correction to: Projected Metabolic Consequences of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis and the Aging Population
A Correction to this paper has been published:https://doi.org/10.1007/s13670-021-00353-x (Source: Current Geriatrics Reports)
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - February 18, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Impact of the Aging Population on Surgical Diseases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe portion of the population comprised by those aged 65 years and older is the fastest growing age group. With the aging of Americans, so goes the age of a surgeon’s patients. It is also well established that with aging, the incidence of various diseases also increases. Thus, more surgical care will be consumed by the elderly. The cost of care howeve r will be greater for geriatric patients when compared to younger patients due to the greater incidence of comorbidities in the elderly. The surgical community will need to develop new protocols for the perioperative care of these frail patients i...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - February 16, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Walking Speed Measurement Technology: a Review
This article presents an overview of the main technologies used to estimate gait parameters, focusing on walking speed (WS).Recent FindingsNew wearable and environmental technologies to estimate WS have been developed in the last 5 years. Wearable technologies refer to sensors attached to parts of the patient ’s body that capture the kinematics during walking. Alternatively, environmental technologies capture walking patterns using external instrumentation. In this review, wearable and external technologies have been included. From the different works reviewed, external technologies face the challenge of implementation o...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 20, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Updated Review of Palliative Care in Dementia
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPalliative care is likely to be of benefit to patients with dementia as it is with other progressive, life-limiting conditions. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent updates into the research around palliative care for patients with dementia and to highlight gaps for further research.Recent FindingsThere are disparities in hospice referrals and end of life care for patients with dementia compared to patients with other life-limiting conditions. Advance care planning interventions are being designed and tested as patients and their caregivers indicate a desire for more infor...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 18, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Four Square Step Test and its Use Clinically in Different Populations
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review will summarize and appraise the most recent literature that has been published on the Four Square Step Test (FSST) so that clinicians can make informed decisions about its appropriate use with patients.Recent FindingsThe FSST is a valid and reliable measure of dynamic balance that has been successfully utilized across age cohorts and in multiple patient populations including those with neurologic diagnoses, musculoskeletal pathologies, and lower limb amputations. Performance on the FSST correlates with the functioning of multiple body structures, processes, and systems and it may be use...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 15, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Projected Metabolic Consequences of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis and the Aging Population
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOsteoarthritis (OA) affects a large percentage of older adults. Prevalence of OA in younger adults is growing due to traumatic joint injuries occurring through sport participation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature linking lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), summarize the biomechanical and movement strategy consequences of these injuries, and link these consequences with known metabolic risk factors associated with general OA specifically in the aging population.Recent FindingsApproximately 30% of younger adults have radio...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 12, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapeutics for Neurodegenerative Disorders
AbstractPurpose of ReviewExpanding therapeutic targets from proteins to RNAs opens up new possibilities for neurodegenerative disorders therapeutics development. Recently, a disease-modifying antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) agent was approved for spinal muscular atrophy, suggesting ASOs will fulfill their early promise and become a significant new therapeutic category for neurodegenerative disorders.Recent FindingsASOs are in human subjects testing for Huntington disease, monogenic forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, myotonic dystrophy, Leber congenital amaurosis, Usher syndrome, and retinitis pigmen...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 8, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Nutritional Considerations in Geriatric Orthopedics
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMalnourished patients are at risk for fragility fractures resulting in postoperative complications, increased mortality, and decreased functional status after geriatric orthopedic surgeries. Nutritional status of the older patient can be determined by various screening tools. We aim to review recent literature on nutritional status in preoperative and postoperative evaluations an d determine its implications for geriatric orthopedic surgery patients.Recent FindingsMalnutrition has been associated with increased orthopedic surgery complications. An individualized nutrition screening and treatment...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - January 7, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Mobility in Acute Care for Geriatric Patients with Orthopedic Conditions: a Review of Recent Literature
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this literature review is to appraise the current research surrounding the impact of mobility for geriatric patients presenting with orthopedic conditions in the acute care setting.Recent FindingsA literature search in the PubMed database yielded 53 results which underwent a title and abstract screening to reveal a total of 22 articles eligible for full-text review. Two authors screened each article and a third author was responsible for reconciling any conflicts. Following the full-text screen, 10 total articles were extracted and evaluated to determine what the current literature h...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - December 4, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of Prehabilitation in Older Adults Undergoing Total Joint Replacement: an Overview of Systematic Reviews
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review and discuss the findings of systematic reviews that synthesized the evidence on the effect of preoperative exercises (prehabilitation) on postoperative functional recovery in older adults undergoing total knee or hip joint replacement.Recent FindingsTen systematic reviews (8 meta-analyses) were included in this review. Findings from the systematic reviews indicated that prehabilitation decreases length of hospital stay but does not improve postoperative functional recovery in older adults undergoing joint replacement. Individual studies in the systematic reviews varied considerably in pre...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 24, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Type 2 Diabetes and Mediterranean Diet in Older Adults: a Brief Review of the Evidence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMediterranean diet is a traditional, plant-based dietary pattern extensively studied for its favorable health effects. In relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D), higher adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk for incidence of diabetes, better glycemic control, and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients.Recent FindingsInterestingly, most of the studies on the relationship between T2D and adherence to the Mediterranean diet have focused on younger people, whereas the available evidence in older adults ( ≥ 60 years old) is limited. In th...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 18, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Anticoagulation Management in Geriatric Orthopedic Trauma Patients
This article will review the perioperative management of geriatric patients on anticoagulants who present for non-elective orthopedic surgery.Recent FindingsOur understanding of best practices in perioperative anticoagulation management has advanced significantly over the last 5 years. More patients are presenting for surgery on direct oral anticoagulants which require a different approach than the vitamin K antagonist, warfarin. We have come to better appreciate the importance of time to the operating room on outcomes, specifically in hip fracture surgery. Regional anest hesia now has standardized guidelines for preproc...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 18, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Diet, Microbioma, and Diabetes in Aging
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo describe the relationships between gut microbiota (GM), metabolism, immune system, and the association with the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); to gather up to date researches investigating the role of diet in the prevention and management of T2DM, in particular in older ages.Recent FindingsAn overwhelming number of microbes colonize the human body, and most of them reside in the gut. The appropriate integration between the gut environment components, the host metabolism, and the host immune system is considered a key marker of health. Changes in the balance between these compone...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 16, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Venous Stasis Ulcers: an Update on Diagnosis and Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewVenous leg ulceration (VLU) is a medically, financially, and psychologically debilitating disease for patients and a financial burden for the health care system. Of all dermatologic diseases, VLU generates the highest cost. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the current guidelines on the diagnosis and management of VLU with an emphasis on novel approaches.Recent FindingsTwo novel approaches to VLU diagnosis have been proposed in 2019 including voltammetric analysis to determine leg ulcer etiology, identify infection, and predict clinical course, and the use of dynamic optical coherence tom...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 13, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Geriatric Orthopedics and Challenges with Mild Cognitive Impairment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo examine the literature to identify the optimal methods to manage patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the perioperative period.Recent FindingsSeveral studies have identified the risk of delirium and other postoperative complications in patients with dementia and other cognitive disorders. Recent studies have shown a significant impact in performance on measures assessing processing speed and inhibitory function which can continue to have their effect after several years of surgery. Little research has been published that specifically focuses on elderly patients with mild cognitive im...
Source: Current Geriatrics Reports - November 13, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
