Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Impact of the CDC 2021 Sexually Transmitted Infection Guideline Update on Emergency Medicine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review highlights recent changes to the CDC recommendations for sexually transmitted infections.Recent FindingsNeisseria gonorrhoea has developed resistance to multiple antibiotics. A total of 500 mg intramuscular ceftriaxone (1000 mg in patients weighing greater than 150 kg) is required to achieve the mean inhibitory concentration to eradicate infection reliably.Mycoplasma genitalium has also been found to develop antibiotic resistance and is implicated in cases of recurrent urethritis and cervicitis.SummaryThe CDC has published a 2021 update to their sexually transmitted infection manage...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - October 23, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Acute Concussion Assessment and Management in the Emergency Department
AbstractPurpose of reviewThis review summarizes how a concussion is defined and diagnosed. We seek to give physicians and other providers a better understanding of the tools available to help diagnose and manage concussion in the Emergency Department.Recent findingsThere is a paucity of research on how to diagnose and manage concussion in the Emergency Department. What has been done has demonstrated that there are patients with concussion who are not being diagnosed correctly or given proper discharge instructions on their condition. Most of the existing research focuses on sports-specific concussion.SummaryEmergency Depar...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - October 15, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Recent Advances in Intraosseous Vascular Access
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIntraosseous access (IO) is a method to deliver blood, fluids, and medications directly into the marrow of the bone. This review describes methods used by prehospital, military, and hospital to obtain rapid intraosseous access when peripheral venous access (PIV) is not easily obtainable. This review will identify advantages, barriers for use, and recent advances in intraosseous access. Ease of use and statistically high first attempt success rates are discussed as well as patient outcomes when IO is used for access.Recent FindingsIn the late 90s, a Bone Injection Gun was presented to the market by ...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - July 8, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Update on Management of Acute Migraine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewReview recent literature related to the acute management of migraine headache.Recent FindingsFor initial treatment of acute migraine, research supports established treatments, particularly antidopaminergic medications and ketorolac and avoidance of opioids, which appears consistent with evaluation of current practice trends. New data supports the safety of triptans in pregnant patients and those with cardiovascular disease. Study of propofol and ketamine has not defined a role for use in the acute setting, and regional anesthesia has emerged as a potentially useful treatment option, though study ha...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - July 5, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Detection in the Prehospital Environment
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEndovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion (LVO) is time-dependent. Prehospital patients with suspected LVO stroke should be triaged directly to specialized stroke centers for endovascular therapy. This review describes advances in LVO detection among prehospital suspected stroke patients.Recent FindingsClinical prehospital stroke severity tools have been validated in the prehospital setting. Devices including EEG, SSEPs, TCD, cranial accelerometry, and volumetric impedance phase-shift-spectroscopy have recently published data regarding LVO detection in hospi...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - June 28, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Post-operative Anemia After Major Surgery: a Brief Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAnemia is a very common complication in the post-operative period. Post-operative anemia is associated with poor outcomes including but not limited to infections, increased length of stay, circulatory overload, and mortality. The strategy of patient blood management focuses on three pillars that include the detection and treatment of pre-operative anemia; reduction of peri-operative blood loss; and harnessing and optimizing the patient-specific physiological reserve of anemia.Recent FindingsMultiple studies in surgical patients have been conducted to study various methods of management of post-oper...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - June 16, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Correction to: The Use of Handheld Ultrasound Devices in Emergency Medicine
A Correction to this paper has been published:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s40138-021-00233-w (Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports)
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - May 25, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of Toxicological Causes of Delirium
We present a review of commonly ingested drug overdoses and toxidromes to assist in rapid diagnosis and treatment of these clinically challenging patients.Recent FindingsThere is a frequent overlap in the clinical presentation of many toxic ingestions. Key physical exam, electrocardiographic, and toxic-metabolic findings can help identify these drugs and direct early therapy. There are limited randomized controlled trials for many treatment strategies in the intoxicated patient, but recent large observational and meta-analysis have improved the understanding and utility of common antidotes.SummaryEarly identification of th...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - May 14, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
The Use of Handheld Ultrasound Devices in Emergency Medicine
AbstractPurpose of ReviewUltraportable handheld ultrasound (HHU) devices are being rapidly adopted by emergency medicine (EM) physicians. Though knowledge of the breadth of their utility and functionality is still limited compared to cart-based systems, these machines are becoming more common due to ease-of-use, extreme affordability, and improving technology.Recent FindingsImages obtained with HHU are comparable to those obtained with traditional machines but create unique issues regarding billing and data management. HHU devices are increasingly used successfully to augment the education of practitioners-in-training, by ...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - May 11, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Utilizing Alternative Testing Technology for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the COVID era
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the onset of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in-person human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is no longer easily accessible. Therefore, alternative testing technologies must be considered and implemented on a large scale to continue prevention efforts. This review seeks to describe the benefits of utilizing at-home HIV testing technologies, traditionally deemed an alternative form of testing.Recent FindingsUtilizing at-home testing technology during the COVID-19 pandemic overcomes novel and previously identified barriers to HIV testing.SummaryEnsuring access to HIV testi...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - May 5, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Review and Updates on Pediatric Fever
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to discuss the management of febrile children and evaluate current and potential markers to screen for serious bacterial infection (SBI).Recent FindingsProcalcitionin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) seem to be the most useful; however, newer markers such as presepsin, neutrophil CD64, and secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) have shown to be promising. A confirmed viral infection lowers the risk of a concomitant SBI and may reduce the need for further invasive studies.SummaryThe approach and workup of a febrile infant still remain challenging. Biomarkers and viral testing...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - April 13, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Succinct Approach to Delirium in the Emergency Department
This study aims to provide a concise delirium review for practicing emergency medicine providers using the Assess, Diagnose, Evaluate, Prevent, and Treat (ADEPT) framework.Recent FindingsDelirium is a form of acute brain dysfunction that results in significant mortality and morbidity for older emergency department (ED) patients. Delirium is frequently missed by healthcare providers, but monitoring for this syndrome using brief delirium assessments may improve recognition. Once delirium is diagnosed, emergency medicine providers ’ primary goal is to perform a comprehensive history and physical examination to uncover the u...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - March 18, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Egg Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: a Critical Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOur aims are to explore the evidence for egg consumption effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors and the relationship between egg consumption with risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, hypertension, and also to briefly discuss cardiovascular implications of egg consumption in individuals with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Additionally, we provide a framework for health professionals when counseling patients on egg consumption as it relates to cardiovascular disease risk, and highlight areas where evidence is inconclusive and in need of future investigation.Recent Find...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - March 10, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Current Methods for the Prehospital Detection of Large Vessel Occlusion (LVO) Ischemic Stroke
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review describes the technologies and methods currently utilized to detect large vessel occlusion (LVO) ischemic stroke in the prehospital setting. A comparison of various LVO stroke scales, including their similarities and differences, is included. Emerging technology, novel stroke detection methods, and likely areas of future research are discussed.Recent FindingsMany prehospital stroke detection scales have been described previously in the medical literature, characterized by varying degrees of efficacy. Despite their cost-effectiveness and ease of use, prehospital stroke scales do not reli...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - January 11, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
A Rational, Evidence-Based Approach to Methotrexate Poisoning
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOur primary aim was to create a succinct yet thorough evidence-based review of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical presentation, evaluation, and treatment of methotrexate poisoning that may serve as a useful reference for practitioners and researchers.Recent FindingsA significant amount of recent research has studied various aspects of intravenous high-dose methotrexate, particularly prevention and management of toxicity. Less substantial evidence exists concerning the management of intrathecal methotrexate overdoses, repeated oral ingestions, and the outcomes of acute oral methotrexat...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - November 3, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
