Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Cardiac Changes Related to COVID-19 in Athletes: A Brief Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo describe the cardiac changes related to COVID-19 in athletes, in addition to presenting the current recommendations for cardiac assessment and return to sport after COVID-19 infection.Recent FindingsThe current state of the art suggests that myocarditis and pericarditis are the main cardiac pathologies related to the COVID-19 infection in athletes even after recovery. The criteria for determining and evaluating cardiac conditions are still discussed, as well as what stage of infection do cardiomyopathies occur. Return to sport should be aligned with cardiovascular risk stratification.SummaryCard...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - August 24, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Indications for Emergent Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review describes select emergent indications for hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), current treatment protocols, and recent literature regarding its use.Recent FindingsRecent reports have continued to support the emergent use of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and new applications for therapy.SummaryEmergent hyperbaric oxygen therapy is indicated in several conditions due to its ability to reduce morbidity and mortality. Recent reports support its use in multiple emergent indications; however, additional research is required to refine treatment protocols, including time from symptom onset to initiation...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - August 18, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Evaluation and Treatment of Adult Status Epilepticus in the Emergency Department
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review summarizes the current knowledge and evidence behind the diagnosis and management of adult status epilepticus (SE) in the Emergency Department (ED). It incorporates the most recent evidence-based diagnostic and management strategies, while reflecting them back onto the foundational aspects of SE care.Recent FindingsRecent studies have re-emphasized the importance of early and appropriately dosed benzodiazepines as first-line therapy for SE. Second-line therapy has evolved from phenytoin to alternative anti-epileptics (AEDs) like levetiracetam. Additionally, cerebral perfusi...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - August 15, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Pneumonia Update for Emergency Clinicians
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMany new concepts in diagnosis, management, and risk stratification of patients with pneumonia have been described recently. The COVID pandemic made importance of viruses as dangerous pathogens of pneumonia quite clear while several non-invasive measures for patients with respiratory failure gained a more wide-spread usage.Recent FindingsStudies continue to examine feasibility of bedside ultrasound as a tool in accurate diagnosis of pneumonia in the emergency department, and several new antibiotics have been approved for treatment while others are in late-stage clinical trials. Additionally, the In...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - July 20, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Regional Anesthesia in the Emergency Department: an Overview of Common Nerve Block Techniques and Recent Literature
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review seeks to discuss the use of RA in the ED including benefits of administration, types of RA by anatomic location, complications and management, teaching methods currently in practice, and future applications of RA in the ED.Recent FindingsThe early use of RA in pain management may reduce the transition of acute to chronic pain. Multiple plane blocks have emerged as feasible and efficacious for ED pain complaints and are now being safely utilized.SummaryAdverse effects of opioids and their potential for abuse have necessitated the exploration of substitute therapies. Regional anesthesia (...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - July 15, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
The Use of Wearable ECG Devices in the Clinical Setting: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review investigates the use of wearable electrocardiograms (ECGs) in the clinic and acute care setting, and their impact on patient care, particularly pertaining to the management of cardiac arrhythmias.Recent FindingsWearable ECGs have consistently demonstrated their non-inferiority in detecting arrhythmias when compared to the current standard of care. Different studies have highlighted their ability to improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs, while more devices are being created to work as a screening tool at a larger scale or to fit the physical abilities of a variety of patients....
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - June 25, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Review of the Evaluation of Acute Upper Extremity Neuropathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review seeks to provide clinicians with an approach to evaluation of individuals with presenting symptoms of upper extremity weakness, paresthesia, or pain. We will discuss advances made in the evaluation and treatment of upper extremity palsies, focusing on expected physical examination findings, initial evaluation, and management.Recent FindingsWhile more common syndromes such as carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome have well-established diagnostic and treatment algorithms, the less common syndromes also have made advances in examination, electrodiagnostic testing, and both con...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - June 18, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Identification of Cervical Artery Dissections: Imaging Strategies and Literature Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewVertebral or carotid artery dissections, collectively called cervical artery dissections (CeADs), are uncommon, regularly missed vascular injuries. They are associated with major trauma, but also occur spontaneously or with relatively minor trauma. Diagnosis hinges on imaging identification. Previously, catheter angiogram was the gold standard, but currently, there is no consensus on the initial imaging study.Recent FindingsComputer tomography angiography (CTA) is the most common initial study for CeAD, but can fail to identify some dissections. MRI/MRA provides better images and is preferred in th...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - June 13, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Managing Severe Hypoxic Respiratory Failure in COVID-19
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAdult respiratory distress syndrome is a life-threatening complication from severe COVID-19 infection resulting in severe hypoxic respiratory failure. Strategies at improving oxygenation have evolved over the course of the pandemic.Recent FindingsAlthough non-invasive respiratory support reduces the need for intubation, a significant number of patients with COVID-19 progress to invasive mechanical ventilation. Once intubated, a lung protective ventilation strategy should be employed that limits tidal volumes to 6 ml/kg of predicted body weight and employs sufficient positive end-expiratory pressu...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - May 11, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Vaccine Hesitancy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe recent COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 800,000 deaths in the USA as of this writing. Remarkable, several effective vaccines have been developed within 1 year of the occurrence of the pandemic’s outbreak in the USA.Recent FindingsAlthough the vaccine has proven to be remarkably effective in preventing hospitalization and death, the number of unvaccinated persons in the USA who are eligible for the vaccine remains over 35%.SummaryUnvaccinated persons pose a risk for vaccine mutation and prolongation of the pandemic, with its attendant quarantines and societal shutdowns. The ability of clini...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - April 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Current Guidelines and Controversies in the Management of Diverticulitis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review discusses the most recent studies and guidelines regarding the treatment of acute diverticulitis. It specifically focuses on current controversies in initial evaluation, management, and follow-up after discharge.Recent FindingsMany recent large-scale randomized control studies (such as the AVOD and DIABOLO trials) and systematic reviews have changed our current understanding of diverticulitis. Specifically, this review focuses on new evidence in stratifying patients, use of antibiotics, the indications for new therapies, and recommended follow-up after an acute episode.SummaryThe most i...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - March 31, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Correction to: Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke Detection in the Prehospital Environment
(Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports)
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - March 29, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Guidelines for Acute Urinary Tract Infections
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis manuscript serves as a review article for updated guidelines for the treatment of urinary tract infections in 2021. This manuscript is a generalized review of best practices and provides treatment options; however, it notes that patient-specific factors and local antibiograms and resistance patterns must also be considered when selecting treatment regimens.Recent FindingsImportant findings based on recent literature emphasize antibiotic stewardship in growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms and a shift in empiric treatment away from fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, especially f...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - February 18, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
Modern Technology for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review describes the current strategies used in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism. The non-specific and potentially life-threatening presentations associated with the disease require clinicians to take an individualized approach in deciding the best route to follow for a given patient. Thus, knowledge of different diagnostic modalities and therapeutic interventions available can assist clinicians in deciding how to care for individual patients.Recent FindingsComparing data on the safety and effectiveness of different treatment interventions suggests the use of catheter-based th...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - November 25, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
When Minutes Matter: Rapid Infusion in Emergency Care
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review provides historical context and an update on recent advancements in volume resuscitation for circulatory shock. Emergency department providers who manage critically ill patients with undifferentiated shock will benefit from the insights of early pioneers and an overview of newer techniques which can be used to optimize resuscitation in the first minutes of care.Recent FindingsRapid infusion of fluids and blood products can be a life-saving intervention in the management of circulatory and hemorrhagic shock. Recent controversy over the role of fluid resuscitation in sepsis and trauma man...
Source: Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports - November 18, 2021 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research
