Current Trends on the Treatment Sequence for Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewColorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) are a significant clinical problem, with different treatment options, depending on the patient ’s health status and the extent of the disease. With the ideal treatment sequence between resection of the primary cancer, the hepatic metastases and chemotherapy being a matter of debate, the goal of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the current trends regarding the treatment sequence of met astatic colorectal cancer (CRC).Recent FindingsThe standard sequence of resecting the primary first, followed by chemotherapy, and then dealing with the metastatic dis...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - April 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Can We Reliably Predict a Clinical Complete Response in Rectal Cancer? Current Trends and Future Strategies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPrediction of clinical complete response is pivotal in the management of patients with rectal cancer. The ability to determine tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer might guide subsequent treatment modalities. We review the current literature on predictors of complete response after neoadjuvant for rectal cancer with an emphasis of clinical complete response rather than pathological complete response.Recent FindingsClinical and radiological findings have been used to predict response, as well as a myriad of biomarkers. There is limited evidence validating most of these strategies. ...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - April 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Watch-and-Wait as a Therapeutic Strategy in Rectal Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPathological complete response is seen in approximately one fifth of rectal cancer patients following neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Since these patients have excellent oncological outcomes, there has been a rapidly growing interest in organ preservation for those who develop a clinical complete response. We review the watch-and-wait strategy and focus on all aspects of this hot topic, including who should be considered for this approach, how should we identify treatment response and what are the expected outcomes.Recent FindingsThe major challenges in interpreting the data on watch-and-wait are the s...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - March 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Can We Reliably Predict a Clinical Complete Response in Rectal Cancer? Current Trends and Future Strategies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPrediction of clinical complete response is pivotal in the management of patients with rectal cancer. The ability to determine tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer might guide subsequent treatment modalities. We review the current literature on predictors of complete response after neoadjuvant for rectal cancer with an emphasis of clinical complete response rather than pathological complete response.Recent FindingsClinical and radiological findings have been used to predict response, as well as a myriad of biomarkers. There is limited evidence validating most of these strategies. ...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - March 2, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The Molecular Basis of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMetastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a vexing clinical problem. In contrast to early-stage disease, once CRC metastasizes to other organs, long-term survival is compromised. We seek to review the molecular pathogenesis, animal models, and functional genomics for an enhanced understanding of how CRC metastasizes and how this can be exploited therapeutically.Recent FindingsMouse models may recapitulate certain aspects of metastatic human CRC and allow for studies to identify regulators of metastasis. Modulation of transcription factors, onco-proteins, or tumor suppressors has been identified to acti...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - March 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Current Trends on the Treatment Sequence for Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastases
AbstractPurpose of ReviewColorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) are a significant clinical problem, with different treatment options, depending on the patient ’s health status and the extent of the disease. With the ideal treatment sequence between resection of the primary cancer, the hepatic metastases and chemotherapy being a matter of debate, the goal of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the current trends regarding the treatment sequence of met astatic colorectal cancer (CRC).Recent FindingsThe standard sequence of resecting the primary first, followed by chemotherapy, and then dealing with the metastatic dis...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - February 26, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Current Management of Liver Metastasis From Colorectal Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo describe the main components of modern treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastatic to the liver.Recent FindingsLiver metastasis occurs in 50 –60% of patients with CRC, and surgery is the only potentially curative treatment. Surgery should be performed where a complete (R0) resection of all radiologically visible metastases is possible. The presence of extra-hepatic disease no longer precludes liver metastectomy, and combined metastecto my in the liver and the extra-hepatic site can result in acceptable long-term survival. Peri-operative chemotherapy significantly improves PFS and DFS, but...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - February 8, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Is Timing Important? The Role of Diet and Lifestyle During Early Life on Colorectal Neoplasia
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo summarize the current evidence on the most important dietary and lifestyle factors in colorectal carcinogenesis during different stages of a lifetime with special emphasis on studies investigating exposure during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood.Recent FindingsA number of studies showed that independent of adult obesity, higher body fatness during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood is associated with risk of colorectal cancer later in life. In one large cohort study, the Nurses ’ Health Study II, adherence to a western pattern diet was associated with higher risk of adv...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - February 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Current Trends in the Rate of Rectal Cancer Restorative Operations in the Era of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe following review addresses the relationship between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and the rate of restorative operations in patients with rectal cancer.Recent FindingsThe rate of restorative operations performed for rectal cancer has improved over the past several decades. The relationship between this increase and the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to the treatment regimen for locally advanced rectal cancer is still being defined. Improved rates of sphincter-sparing procedures between patients who receive preoperative chemoradiation compared to those who receive treatment postoperat...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - February 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection for Colorectal Neoplasm: Current Status and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is recognized as a minimally invasive treatment for colorectal cancer. However, colorectal ESD has not been internationally accepted as a first-line therapeutic option due to technical difficulties and high complication rates. Non-lifting tumors present a further limitation of ESD. Colorectal endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) with over-the-scope clips (OTSCs) shows great potential in patients for whom ESD is not possible and also for those who might have ESD-related complications. The present manuscript aims to discuss the complementary role of eFTR u...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - February 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Is Timing Important? The Role of Diet and Lifestyle During Early Life on Colorectal Neoplasia
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewTo summarize the current evidence on the most important dietary and lifestyle factors in colorectal carcinogenesis during different stages of a lifetime with special emphasis on studies investigating exposure during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood.Recent FindingsA number of studies showed that independent of adult obesity, higher body fatness during childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood is associated with risk of colorectal cancer later in life. In one large cohort study, the Nurses ’ Health Study II, adherence to a western pattern diet was associated with higher risk of adv...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - January 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Current Trends in the Rate of Rectal Cancer Restorative Operations in the Era of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe following review addresses the relationship between neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and the rate of restorative operations in patients with rectal cancer.Recent FindingsThe rate of restorative operations performed for rectal cancer has improved over the past several decades. The relationship between this increase and the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to the treatment regimen for locally advanced rectal cancer is still being defined. Improved rates of sphincter-sparing procedures between patients who receive preoperative chemoradiation compared to those who receive treatment postoperat...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - January 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Lifestyle, Diet, and Colorectal Cancer Risk According to (Epi)genetic Instability: Current Evidence and Future Directions of Molecular Pathological Epidemiology
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we describe molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) studies from around the world that have studied diet and/or lifestyle factors in relation to molecular markers of (epi)genetic pathways in colorectal cancer (CRC), and explore future perspectives in this realm of research. The main focus of this review is diet and lifestyle factors for which there is evidence for an association with CRC as identified by the World Cancer Research Fund reports. In addition, we review promising hypotheses, that warrant consideration in future studies.Recent FindingsAssociations between molecular cha...
Source: Current Colorectal Cancer Reports - December 2, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
