Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Peritonitis due to Hematogenous Dissemination from Central Venous Catheter in a Maintenance Dialysis Patient
In conclusion,S. aureus can induce metastatic infections far from the site of primary infection. As reported in this case, peritonitis can be secondary to the hematogenous dissemination ofS. aureus especially in hospitalized patients having a central line.Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2021;11:281 –285 (Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis)
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - September 13, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Median Nerve and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment with Cubital Tunnel Syndrome in a Hemodialysis Patient Following Creation of an Arteriovenous Fistula
We present here a 55-year-old female with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis secondary to diabetic nephropathy who had a surgical creation of first stage of the brachial artery-basilic vein fistula in the left arm. She subsequently developed pain and weakness of the left arm which was diagnosed as median and ulnar nerve entrapment. She was treated with surgical nerve release and neurolysis and her symptoms improved.Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2021;11:275 –280 (Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis)
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - September 9, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Development of Nivolumab/Ipilimumab-Associated Autoimmune Nephritis during Steroid Therapy
Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors revolutionized therapies for a variety of malignancies. Nivolumab, an antibody blocking programmed cell death 1 protein, and ipilimumab that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 effectively target tumor cells by disinhibiting the endogenous immune response. At the same time, unrestrained T-cell activation may trigger a range of immune-mediated side effects including kidney injury. Steroid therapy constitutes the mainstay of treatment of these adverse events, but dosage, route of administration, and approach to nivolumab re-exposure remain unclear. Here, we repo...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - September 9, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Complete Renal Recovery in Pediatric Patient with C3 Glomerulonephritis: A Case Report
C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN) is a rare kidney disease resulting from dysregulation of the alternative complement cascade. Without treatment, approximately 70% of affected children and 30 –50% of affected adults will develop worsening of proteinuria and progress to end-stage renal disease within 10 years of diagnosis. Here, we describe a 9-year-old Sudanese girl with no significant past medical history who presented to the Emergency Department with a 2-month history of fatigue, poo r oral intake, and worsening facial and lower extremity edema, and subsequently found to have anemia, hypoalbuminemia, microscopic hematuria, ...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - September 2, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Diuretic Resistance Treated with Low-Dose Hydralazine: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
We present a case of severe diuretic resistance and edema from acute cardiorenal syndrome complicating heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and mild alcoholic liver disease. High doses of intravenous (iv) furosemide plus iv doses of chlorothiazide failed to increase the daily urine output (UV) above 1,500 mL or the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) above 2%. The addition of a relatively low dose of hydralazine (10 mg thrice daily PO) during 5 days of constant iv infusion of furosemide plus iv bolus chlorothiazide doubled the UV and FENa while reducing the serum creatinine concentration from 3.3 to 2.0...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - August 12, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Renal Tubular Acidosis Type I with Prominent Hypokalemia and Nephrolithiasis as a Presentation of Sj ögren’s/Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease
Female patient, suffering from nephrolithiasis, at the age of 32 was admitted for renal colic caused by a stone obstructing UP junction with left hydronephrosis. Nephrostomy was placed, resulting in brisk diuresis. Severe metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap and urine pH of 6.5 was noted. Potassium level dropped to extremely low level (1.6 mEq/L), causing muscle paralysis and respiratory failure, necessitating mechanical ventilation. The patient was treated by potassium chloride infusion, followed by correction of severe metabolic acidosis by sodium bicarbonate. Diagnosis of distal type renal tubular acidosis type I (d...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - August 12, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

When Paranoia Comes with the Treatment: Psychosis Associated with Tacrolimus Use
We present a case of a renal transplant recipient with no prior psychiatric history, who developed a severe psychosis secondary to supratherapeutic tacrolimus ’ blood concentrations. This case highlights the importance of clinical awareness to rare but severe neuropsychiatric effects due to tacrolimus use.Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2021;11:241 –246 (Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis)
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - August 4, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

IgA Nephropathy in a Patient Treated with Adalimumab
In this study, the case of a 33-year-old man with renal dysfunction, nephrotic proteinuria, and erythrocyturia is described. He had had a history of Crohn’s disease for 8 years and had been treated with adalimumab for the past 7 years. The diagnosis of IgAN was confirmed by kidney bi opsy. After discontinuance of adalimumab and the induction of corticosteroid therapy, he made a remarkable recovery. Four years after the first presentation of IgAN and discontinuation of adalimumab, his renal function was normal with no proteinuria and only mild erythrocyturia.Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2021;11:233 –240 (Source: Case Reports i...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 28, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Nintedanib-Induced Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Nintedanib is a unique tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to suppress fibrosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Nintedanib has been shown to suppress multiple processes of fibrosis, thereby reducing the rate of lung function decline in patients with IPF. Since vascular endothelial growth factor is one of this agent ’s targets, nephrotoxicity, including renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), is a possible major adverse effect. However, only 2 previous cases of nintedanib-induced renal TMA have been published. Our patient was an 83-year-old man with IPF. As adverse effects including liver enzyme level ele...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 22, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Idiopathic Spontaneous Rupture of Renal Pelvis in a Single Functioning Kidney
Spontaneous rupture of renal pelvis (SRRP) is a rare condition resulting in an extravasation of urine into retroperitoneal space. Due to the uncharacteristic symptoms, often mimicking renal colic, its diagnosis may be complicated. Herein, we report a case of a 73-year-old male with a solitary functioning kidney who presented with malaise and right-sided abdominal pain, rapidly followed by anuria. Laboratory tests showed the signs of AKI. Contrast-enhanced CT performed soon after the admission showed nonspecific abnormalities in the right middle abdomen suspected to be either inflammatory infiltration or surgical scarring. ...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 22, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis and Anti-Phospholipid Syndrome in a Patient with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Just a Coincidence?
Many reports have described a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients with COVID-19. Acute tubular necrosis has been reported to be the most common damage in these patients, probably due to hemodynamic instability. However, other complex processes may be involved, related to the cytokine storm and the activation of innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we describe a patient who developed an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and lung involvement and an antiphospholipid syndrome soon after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 22, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

The First Korean Case of SLC12A3 Aberrant Skipping of Two Exons Detected by RNA Splicing Analysis
Gitelman syndrome is a salt-losing tubular disorder that is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Variants in theSLC12A3 gene are found in the majority of Gitelman syndrome patients. A 26-year-old woman visited the genetic counseling clinic. Her fianc é was a known Gitelman syndrome patient who was previously diagnosed with 2 pathogenic variants inSLC12A3. In advance of marriage and future family planning, she wanted to perform genetic testing ofSLC12A3. A silent exonic variant c.1050G#x3e;A was found, and multiple splice site in silico algorithms predicted this variant to have potential alteration of splicing. Thi...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 19, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis Presenting after Two Donor Kidney Transplantations: A Case Report and Literature Review
We report a unique case of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS), occurring years after failed initial living KT, and diagnosed after second deceased donor kidney transplantation. A 35-year-old male, on prior PD for 4 years, followed by failed KT of 8 years, was presented with abdominal pain, weight loss, and vomiting, 7 months after his second deceased donor KT. An abdominal computed tomography showed intra-abdominal loculated fluid collection, but no obstruction. Exploratory laparotomy revealed extensive peritoneal thickening and blocked intestinal loops. Histopathology was indicative of EPS with fibrous adhesions and...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 16, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Complicated by a Cavitary Lung Lesion in a Kidney Transplant Recipient
We report a case of a 39-year-old female kidney transplant recipient who presented to the hospital nearly 3.5 years after the transplantation with general malaise, recent history of weight loss, fevers, and persistent anemia. Laboratory tests showed pancytopenia, hyperferritinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase. A bone marrow aspiration revealed hemophagocytosis, which led to the diagnosis of HLH. Therapy consisting of high-dose steroids and plasma exchanges was administered, resulting in a significant improvement of blood count parameters and the patient ’s general condition. Whil...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 9, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Extrusion of both Superficial and Deep Cuffs of a Functional Double-Cuff Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter after Significant Weight Loss
We report a case of a presternal-type PD double-cuff catheter with extrusion of both cuffs through an abdominal exit site after 6 years of use that has remained functional, which has not been previously reported. In this case, the patient had achieved a 60-kg weight loss resulting in retraction of the subcutaneous tissue around both cuffs, while the catheter was held in place by the titanium connector between the presternal extension tubing and the inner, coiled catheter. In such special circumstances, extrusion of both cuffs may not necessitate urgent catheter removal. A review of the literature revealed previous cases of...
Source: Case Reports in Nephrology and Dialysis - July 9, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research