Correction to: LILRB2-containing small extracellular vesicles from glioblastoma promote tumor progression by promoting the formation and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells
(Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 17, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Incidence of serious adverse events caused by tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced NSCLC patients with oncogenic driver alterations
ConclusionThe dosing interval from last ICI to the initiation of TKI treatment can affects the incidence of SAEs and the withdrawal rate due to AEs regardless of the types of TKIs. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Switchable CAR T cell strategy against osteosarcoma
AbstractImmunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells has changed the treatment of hematological malignances, but they are still a challenge for solid tumors, including pediatric sarcomas. Here, we report a switchable CAR T cell strategy based on anti-FITC CAR T cells and a switch molecule conjugated with FITC for targeting osteosarcoma (OS) tumors. As a potential target, we analyzed the expression of B7-H3, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, in OS cell lines. In addition, we evaluate the capacity of an anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibody conjugated with FITC (anti-B7-H3-FITC mAb) to control the antitumor activity o...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Characteristic differences in the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and intratumoral developing T cells in thymoma, with special reference to PD-1 expression
ConclusionMost PD-1 + T cells in type AB/B1/B2 thymomas are intratumoral developing T cells and are not TILs. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Nervous regulation: beta-2-adrenergic signaling in immune homeostasis, cancer immunotherapy, and autoimmune diseases
AbstractBeta-2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) mediates neural signaling from the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to the immune system to modulate immunogenic and immunosuppressive responses for maintaining immune homeostasis.β2-AR regulates various cellular activities on the innate and adaptive immune cells through differential signaling to modulate activation, proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. This signaling pathway has been found to be critical for regulating anti-tumor immune responses and autoimmune responses. Recently,β2-AR has also been implicated in the mobilization of immune cells in periphe...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Engineered murine IL-21-secreting leukemia cells induce granzyme B+ T cells and CD4+CD44+CD62L − effector memory cells while suppressing regulatory T cells, leading to long-term survival
AbstractWe have explored the use of an IL-21 cell-based anti-leukemia treatment in a mouse model of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 70Z/3 leukemia cells, engineered to secrete IL-21 and injected into the peritoneum of syngeneic mice, induced a strong anti-leukemia response resulting in 100% survival. Mice that mounted an IL-21-induced anti-leukemia immune response were immune to the parent cell line (no IL-21) when rechallenged.Above a certain threshold, IL-21 secretion correlated with improved survival compared to mice injected with parent 70Z/3 cells. IL-21 was detected in serum with peak levels on day 7, correlating with ...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Cytotoxicity of CD19-CAR-NK92 cells is primarily mediated via perforin/granzyme pathway
In conclusion, these results indicate the perforin/granzyme pathway as the major pathway to mediate cytotoxicity in CD19-CAR-NK92 cells. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 13, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
BAP1-related signature predicts benefits from immunotherapy over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in ccRCC: a retrospective analysis of JAVELIN Renal 101 and checkmate-009/010/025 trials
ConclusionIn advanced ccRCCs, the BAP1-score is a biologically and clinically significant predictor of immune microenvironment and the clinical benefits from ICI-based immunotherapies over angiogenic/mTOR inhibitors, demonstrating its potential utility in optimizing the personalized therapeutic strategies in patients with advanced ccRCC. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 12, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
BTLA dysregulation correlates with poor outcome and diminished T cell-mediated antitumor responses in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
AbstractPatients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) progressively develop marked immunosuppression, dampening innate and adaptive-driven antitumor responses. However, the underlying mechanisms promoting immune exhaustion are largely unknown. Herein, we provide new insights into the role of BTLA/HVEM axis promoting defects in T cell-mediated responses against leukemic cells. Increased expression of BTLA, an inhibitory immune checkpoint, was detected on the surface of CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes in patients with CLL. Moreover, high levels of BTLA on CD4 + T cells correlated with diminished time to treatme...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 11, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
CD33 BiTE ® molecule-mediated immune synapse formation and subsequent T-cell activation is determined by the expression profile of activating and inhibitory checkpoint molecules on AML cells
AbstractBispecific T-cell engager (BiTE®) molecules recruit T cells to cancer cells through CD3ε binding, independently of T-cell receptor (TCR) specificity. Whereas physiological T-cell activation is dependent on signal 1 (TCR engagement) and signal 2 (co-stimulation), BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation occurs without additional co-stimulation. As co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules modulate the strength and nature of T-cell responses, we studied the impact of the expression profile of those molecules on target cells for BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 11, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The landscape of objective response rate of anti-PD-1/L1 monotherapy across 31 types of cancer: a system review and novel biomarker investigating
ConclusionOur study provides comprehensive data on ORR of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy across 31 tumor types/subtypes and an essential reference of ORR to explore new biomarkers. We also screened out a list of 1044 immune response related genes and we showed that USH2A, ZFHX4 and PLCO mutations may act as good biomarkers for predicting patient response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Multidisciplinary recommendations for essential baseline functional and laboratory tests to facilitate early diagnosis and management of immune-related adverse events among cancer patients
In this report, we propose essential laboratory and functional tests to improve the early detection and management of irAEs and in cancer patients treated with ICIs. These multidisciplinary exp ert recommendations regarding essential laboratory and functional tests can be used to identify possible irAEs at an early time point, initiate appropriate interventions to improve patient outcomes, and reduce the burden of blood sampling during ICI treatment. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Combined therapeutic effect of YHO-1701 with PD-1 blockade is dependent on natural killer cell activity in syngeneic mouse models
AbstractThe signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is a key mediator of cancer cell proliferation, survival, and invasion. We discovered YHO-1701 as a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3 dimerization and demonstrated its potent anti-tumor activity using xenograft mouse models as monotherapy and combination therapy with molecular targeted drugs. STAT3 is also associated with cancer immune tolerance; therefore, we used the female CT26 syngeneic mouse model to examine the effect of combining YHO-1701 administration with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Pretreatment of the mice with YHO-1701 before star...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Factors impacting the efficacy of the in-situ vaccine with CpG and OX40 agonist
ConclusionsIncreased tumor volume negatively impacts the anti-tumor capability of CpG + OX40in-situ vaccine. The addition of checkpoint blockade augmented the efficacy of CpG + OX40 in the A20 but not B78 model. These results highlight the importance of considering multiple preclinical model conditions when assessing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy regimens and their translation to clinical testing. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
First-in-human study of oleclumab, a potent, selective anti-CD73 monoclonal antibody, alone or in combination with durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors
ConclusionsOleclumab ± durvalumab had a manageable safety profile, with pharmacodynamic activity reflecting oleclumab’s mechanism of action. Evidence of antitumor activity was observed in tumor types that are generally immunotherapy resistant.Clinical trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov, NCT02503774; date of registration, July 17, 2015. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - April 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
