Unraveling T cell exhaustion in the immune microenvironment of osteosarcoma via single-cell RNA transcriptome
This study investigates the role of Tex within the TIME of OS, and offers novel insights into the mechanisms underlying disease progression as well as the potential treatment strategies for OS.Graphic Abstract (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A CAR-T response prediction model for r/r B-NHL patients based on a T cell subset nomogram
ConclusionsThe ratio of Tcm and Tn in Tc was found to be able to predict the treatment response of CD19 CAR-T cells in r/r B-NHL. We have established a nomogram model for the assessment of the CD19 CAR-T therapy response presented high specificity and sensitivity. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Activation of cytotoxic lymphocytes through CD6 enhances killing of cancer cells
AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated efficacy and improved survival in a growing number of cancers. Despite their success, ICIs are associated with immune-related adverse events that can interfere with their use. Therefore, safer approaches are needed. CD6, expressed by T-lymphocytes and human NK cells, engages in cell –cell interactions by binding to its ligands CD166 (ALCAM) and CD318 (CDCP1). CD6 is a target protein for regulating immune responses and is required for the development of several mouse models of autoimmunity. Interestingly, CD6 is exclusively expressed on immune cells while CD318...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeting CD24/Siglec-10 signal pathway for cancer immunotherapy: recent advances and future directions
This study discusses the characteristics and workings of CD24/Siglec-10-targeted immunotherapy and offers a summary of current advances in CD24/Siglec-10-related immunotherapy research for cancer. We then suggested potential directions for CD24-targeted immunotherapy, basing our speculation mostly on the results of recent preclinical and clinical trials. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Coordination of anti-CTLA-4 with whole-brain radiation therapy decreases tumor burden during treatment in a novel syngeneic model of lung cancer brain metastasis
AbstractLung cancer is the most common primary tumor to metastasize to the brain. Although advances in lung cancer therapy have increased rates of survival over the past few decades, control and treatment of lung cancer brain metastasis remains an urgent clinical need. Herein, we examine the temporal coordination of α-CTLA-4 administration in combination with whole-brain radiation therapy in a syngeneic preclinical model of lung cancer brain metastasis in both C57Bl/6 and athymic nude mice. Brain tumor burden, survival, and weight loss were monitored. Immunotherapy administration 24 h prior to irradiation res ulted in in...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeted therapies in retinoblastoma: GD2-directed immunotherapy following autologous stem cell transplantation and evaluation of alternative target B7-H3
ConclusionAnti-GD2-directed immunotherapy represents an additional therapeutic option in high-risk metastasized RB. Moreover, CD276 is another target of interest. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Phellinus linteus activates Treg cells via FAK to promote M2 macrophage polarization in hepatocellular carcinoma
This study aimed to explore the relationship between FAK and Treg-macrophages and to assess whether PL could exert a protective effect through the FAK process in HCC. Initially, C57BL/6-FAK−/− tumor-bearing mice were utilized to demonstrate that FAK stimulates HCC tumor development. High dosages (200 μM) of FAK and the FAK activator ZINC40099027 led to an increase in Treg (CD4+CD25+) cells, a decrease in M1 macrophages (F4/80+CD16/32+, IL-12, IL-2, iNOS), and an increase in M2 macrophages (F4/80+CD206+, IL-4, IL-10, Arg1, TGF-β1). Additionally, FAK was found to encourage cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 19, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 blockade in combination with programmed death-ligand 1 targeting therapy mediates increased tumour control in mice
AbstractCollagen expression and structure in the tumour microenvironment are associated with tumour development and therapy response. Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor-1 (LAIR-1) is a widely expressed inhibitory collagen receptor. LAIR-2 is a soluble homologue of LAIR-1 that competes for collagen binding. Multiple studies in mice implicate blockade of LAIR-1:collagen interaction in cancer as a promising therapeutic strategy. Here, we investigated the role of LAIR-1 in anti-tumour responses. We show that although LAIR-1 inhibits activation, proliferation, and cytokine production of mouse T cells in vitro, tu...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Ziv-aflibercept plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment
ConclusionsAlthough limited by sample size and follow-up, these findings highlight the potential of the combination of ziv-aflibercept antiangiogenic therapy with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment and the need for further research to improve outcomes in anti-PD-1-resistant melanoma.Trial registration numberNCT02298959. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A novel model for predicting prognosis and response to immunotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
In this study, we constructed a novel model for prognostic prediction and immunotherapeutic response prediction in NPC patients, which may provide clinical assistance in selecting those patients who are likely to gain long-lasting clinical benefits to anti-PD-1 therapy. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Protective effect of low ‐intensity pulsed ultrasound on immune checkpoint inhibitor-related myocarditis via fine-tuning CD4+ T-cell differentiation
ConclusionLIPUS therapy was shown to reduce ICI-related myocarditis inflammatory damage and improve cardiac function, representing an exciting finding for irAEs treatment. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 18, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells obstruct AML-targeting CD8+ clonal effector and CAR T-cell function while promoting a senescence-associated phenotype
We describe inhibition of expansion of AML-redirected switchable CAR T cells by MSCs via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) activity, as well as reduction of interferon gamma (IFN γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) release. In addition, MSCs interfered with the secretory potential of leukemia-associated WT1- and ROR1-targeting CTL clones, inhibiting the release of IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-2. Abrogated T cells were shown to retain their cytolytic activity. Moreover , we demonstrate induction of a CD28loCD27loCD57+KLRG1+ senescent T-cell phenotype by MSCs. In summary, we show that MSCs are potent modulators of...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Generation and assessment of cytokine-induced killer cells for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases
In this study, we investigated the yield and function of CIK cells generated from patients with CRC liver metastases. We first showed that CIK cells generated in serum free medium X-VIVO 15 were comparable to those from RPMI medium with 10% FBS in terms of the number and percentages of the main subsets of cells in the CIK culture, and the intracellular levels of granzyme B and perforin, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IFN- γ and TNF-α. The CIK cells were cytotoxic to CRC cell lines grown in 2D cultures or as spheroids, and against autologous patient-derived tumour organoids. Donor attributes such as age, sex, or...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
HDAC6 inhibitor ACY-1215 enhances STAT1 acetylation to block PD-L1 for colorectal cancer immunotherapy
This study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism of HDAC6 on non-histone substrates, especially on protein acetylation. HDAC6 inhibitors may be of great significance in tumor immunotherapy and related combination strategies. (Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy)
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Rescue of NLRC5 expression restores antigen processing machinery in head and neck cancer cells lacking functional STAT1 and p53
AbstractThe antigen processing machinery (APM) components needed for a tumor cell to present an antigen to a T cell are expressed at low levels in solid tumors, constituting an important mechanism of immune escape. More than most other solid tumors, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells tend to have low APM expression, rendering them insensitive to immune checkpoint blockade and most other forms of immunotherapy. In HNSCC, this APM deficiency is largely driven by high levels of EGFR and SHP2, leading to low expression and activation of STAT1; however, recent studies suggest that p53, which is often mutated in...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - January 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research