In patients with neurological complications, SARS-CoV-2 infection must be confirmed by PCR
The article by Anuar et al. [1] is impressive, but some points require discussion. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - December 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer Source Type: research

Neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: An overview focusing on early diagnosis
Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disease that manifests before the age of 16  years, following a remitting - relapsing course. The clinical presentation in children is multifaceted, most commonly including constitutional, hematological, cutaneous, renal, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Neuropsychiatric manifestations range widely, affecting approximately 14–95 % of jSLE p atients. They are associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly at a younger age. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - December 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Anna Nikolaidou, Ioannis Beis, Pinelopi Dragoumi, Dimitrios Zafeiriou Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

New Year ’s greetings
We wish a Happy New Year 2024 to the readers of Brain& Development, an official journal of the Japanese Society of Child Neurology (JSCN). Last year, I assumed the role of editor-in-chief, succeeding Dr. Katsuhiro Kobayashi. Brain& Development receives submissions from researchers in the field of child neurology hailing from numerous countries each year. A diverse range of papers has been published, spanning from clinical pediatric neurology to fundamental neuroscience pertaining to children. Our coverage encompasses a wide array of topics including motor and intellectual disabilities, genetic and metabolic diseases, devel...
Source: Brain and Development - December 6, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Masafumi Morimoto Source Type: research

Splicing variant of WDR37 in a case of Neurooculocardiogenitourinary syndrome
This report aimed to identify the cause of NOCGUS in an affected patient. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - December 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Mai Samejima, Mitsuko Nakashima, Jun Shibasaki, Hirotomo Saitsu, Mitsuhiro Kato Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Current state of hemispherectomy and callosotomy for pediatric refractory epilepsy in Denmark
To evaluate outcomes from hemispherectomy and callosotomy related to the need for anti-seizure medication (ASM), seizure frequency, and cognition. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - December 2, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Victoria Elizabeth De Knegt, Malene Landbo B ørresen, Marianne Knudsen, Katrine Moe Thomsen, Peter Vilhelm Uldall, Anne Vagner Jakobsen, Christina Engel Hoei-Hansen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The relation between neuroimaging and visual impairment in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A systematic review
Cerebral palsy (CP) is defined as “a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture due to non-progressive damage in the developing fetal or infant brain” [1]. Motor impairments are the main clinical presentation of CP [1], according to which CP is classified in subtypes, namely spastic (80–93%), dyski netic (3–11%), ataxic (3–6%), or others/mixed (2.6%) [2–4]. Spastic CP is characterised by increased muscle tone, dyskinetic CP by uncontrolled movements, and ataxic CP by poor coordination [1,5,4]. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 27, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Monica Crotti, Sarah Genoe, Nofar Ben Itzhak, Lisa Mailleux, Els Ortibus Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Efficacy of methylphenidate treatment in childhood myotonic dystrophy type 1 and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A case report using eye tracking assessment
We describe a case study of an eleven-year-old male patient with myotonic dystrophy type 1 and comorbid ADHD that was treated with methylphenidate in a twice daily regime (0.60  mg/kg/day). Positive effects on learning and cognition were reported by the parents and teachers. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 24, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Dirk J.J. Sweere, Jos G.M. Hendriksen, R. Jeroen Vermeulen, Sylvia Klinkenberg Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Dramatic effect of levetiracetam in early-onset epileptic encephalopathy due to STXBP1 mutation” [Brain Dev. 38(1) (2016) 128–131]
The authors communicate that the STXBP1 pathogenic variant of the patient described in the article [1] is not c.[922A>T], p.[Lys308( ∗)] but rather c.704G>A, p.Arg235Gln, which is predicted to be probably pathogenetic by in silico analysis and it has been also reported in another STXBP1 patient (case decipher ID#258815) [2]. The correct pathogenic variant should be amended in the abstract (patient description) as well as in the text (2. Case description, last paragraph). (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 24, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Robertino Dilena, Pasquale Striano, Monica Traverso, Maurizio Viri, Gloria Cristofori, Laura Tadini, Sergio Barbieri, Antonino Romeo, Federico Zara Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Etiologies and clinical characteristics of acute ataxia in a single national children's medical center
To analyze etiologic factors of pediatric acute ataxia and to identify the severity of its underlying causes for urgent medical intervention. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Min Zhang, Gang Pan, Shuizhen Zhou, Jin Shen, Wenhui Li, Yuanfeng Zhou, Lifei Yu, Linmei Zhang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Early infantile spontaneous movement in very low birthweight infants is associated with sensory characteristics at the corrected age of 3  years
To clarify the relationship between early infantile spontaneous movement of very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) and sensory characteristics in childhood. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Osamu KOBAYASHI, Tomoki MAEDA, Kenji IHARA Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

RCOR1 improves neurobehaviors and neuron injury in rat cerebral palsy by Endothelin-1 targeting-induced Akt/GSK-3 β pathway upregulation
RE1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST) corepressor 1 (RCOR1) has been reported to orchestrate neurogenesis, while its role in cerebral palsy (CP) remains elusive. Besides, RCOR1 can interact with Endothelin-1 (EDN1), and EDN1 expression is related to brain damage. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of RCOR1/EDN1 on brain damage during the progression of CP. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Hai Xu, Xuetao Yu, Rong Xie, Yangyang Wang, Chunli Li Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cover
(Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Contents
(Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - November 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Use of lacosamide for focal epilepsy in a child with kidney failure undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Lacosamide (LCM) has become commonly used for focal onset seizures due to its high tolerability and low drug interactions. Unlike patients on hemodialysis (HD), pharmacokinetic data and dosing recommendations for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) are scant. (Source: Brain and Development)
Source: Brain and Development - October 31, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuki Ueda, Ayako Furugen, Masaki Kobayashi, Yasuyuki Sato, Yasuhiro Ueda, Asako Hayashi, Takeru Goto, Shuhei Kimura, Masashi Narugami, Sachiko Nakakubo, Midori Nakajima, Kiyoshi Egawa, Takayuki Okamoto, Atsushi Manabe, Hideaki Shiraishi Tags: Case Report Source Type: research