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Personality disorders and violence: what is the link?
Abstract Despite a well-documented association between personality disorders (PDs) and violence, the relationship between them is complicated by the high comorbidity of mental disorders, the heterogeneity of violence (particularly in regard to its motivation), and differing views regarding the way PDs are conceptualised and measured. In particular, it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between PDs and violence, and what the psychological mechanisms might be that mediate such a relationship. Here, a perspective on PD and violence is offered that views the relationship between them thr...
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - September 17, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The comorbidity of borderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: revisiting the prevalence and associations in a general population sample
Conclusions Results support the measured focus on CSA as an important, but not necessary, etiologic factor and emphasize this comorbidity as a source of greater suffering and public health burden than either BPD or PTSD alone. The differential impact of these disorders occurring alone versus in comorbid form highlights the importance of diagnosing both BPD and PTSD and attending to lifetime comorbidity. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - July 24, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Emotion recognition in borderline personality disorder: effects of emotional information on negative bias
Conclusions Our results are in line with previous findings supporting the existence of a negative bias in emotion recognition in BPD patients, and provide further insights into biased social perceptions in BPD patients. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - June 26, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Stigma towards borderline personality disorder: effectiveness and generalizability of an anti-stigma program for healthcare providers using a pre-post randomized design
Conclusions Although effectiveness cannot be conclusively demonstrated with the current research design, results are encouraging that the intervention was successful at improving healthcare provider attitudes and behavioral intentions towards persons with BPD. The results further suggest that anti stigma interventions effective at combating stigma against a specific disorder may also have positive generalizable effects towards a broader set of mental illnesses, albeit to a lessened degree. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - May 5, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

New-born females show higher stress- and genotype-independent methylation of SLC6A4 than males
Conclusions The present data suggest that sex-specific methylation of SLC6A4 is present at birth, and is independent of early life stress and 5-HTTLPR genotype. This may contribute to the sex-specific prevalence of depression. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - April 15, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Gender differences in aggression of borderline personality disorder
This article addresses the question of whether gender also influences aggression in BPD, and whether the neurobiological mechanisms underlying aggressive behavior differ between male and female BPD patients. Data show that most self-reports, interviews and behavioral tasks investigating samples of BPD patients do not find enhanced aggressiveness in male patients, suggesting that BPD attenuates rather than aggravates gender differences usually present in the general population. Neurobiological studies comparing BPD patients with gender-matched healthy controls, however, reveal a number of interesting gender differences: On ...
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - April 9, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Adult attachment and emotion dysregulation in borderline personality and somatoform disorders
Conclusions Study results suggest that insecure attachment may play a role in both BPD and SoD, but in different ways, with hyperactivating emotion dysregulation prominent in BPD and deactivating emotion dysregulation evident in SoD. Also, combined hyper- and de-activating strategy components that may reflect a pattern of disorganized attachment were found, particularly in patients with comorbid BPD and SoD. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - March 28, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Rejection sensitivity and symptom severity in patients with borderline personality disorder: effects of childhood maltreatment and self-esteem
Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that rejection sensitivity is an important component in BPD, even for remitted BPD patients. Level of self-esteem appears to be a relevant factor in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and BPD symptom severity. Therapeutic interventions for BPD would do well to target rejection sensitivity. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - March 20, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Erratum to: intensive inpatient treatment improves emotion-regulation capacities among adults with severe mental illness
(Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - March 20, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Nightmares affect the experience of sleep quality but not sleep architecture: an ambulatory polysomnographic study
Conclusions Our findings support the observation that nightmares result in significant impairment which is independent from disturbed sleep architecture. Thus, these specific problems require specific attention and appropriate treatment. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - February 13, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The longitudinal course of non-suicidal self-injury and deliberate self-harm: a systematic review of the literature
Abstract Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been proposed as diagnostic entity and was added to the section 3 of the DSM 5. Nevertheless, little is known about the long-term course of this disorder and many studies have pointed to the fact that NSSI seems to be volatile over time. We aimed to assemble studies providing longitudinal data about NSSI and furthermore included studies using the definition of deliberate self-harm (DSH) to broaden the epidemiological picture. Using a systematic search strategy, we were able to retrieve 32 studies reporting longitudinal data about NSSI and DSH. We furthermore ...
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - January 29, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Consistency and coherence in treatment outcome measures for borderline personality disorder
Abstract There is little consensus regarding outcomes assessment in borderline personality disorder treatment trials, making comparisons of results and meta-analytic studies difficult and far less generalizable. The current article highlights a range of measures frequently employed and puts forth a set of recommendations for a core battery of outcome measures in BPD treatment efforts. The proposed core battery aims to be comprehensive while minimizing patient burden, clinician time and costs. The relative brevity of the proposed core battery would engender flexibility for adding specific processes and o...
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - January 24, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Effectiveness of dialectic behavioral therapy in routine outpatient care: the Berlin Borderline Study
Conclusions Under routine mental health care conditions in Germany, outpatient DBT leads to positive results comparable to those reported in other effectiveness studies and in randomized controlled trials. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - December 18, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Intensive inpatient treatment improves emotion-regulation capacities among adults with severe mental illness
Conclusions Contrary to expectation, greater attachment insecurity (anxiety and avoidance) as well as greater experiential avoidance predicted improvement in emotion regulation. These counterintuitive findings add to a growing evidence base indicating that severity of psychopathology is associated with greater improvement in hospitalized patients. Results of the mediation analysis suggest that targeting experiential avoidance may be an effective augmentation in the treatment of impaired emotion regulation functioning. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - December 15, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The impact of childhood temperament on the development of borderline personality disorder symptoms over the course of adolescence
Conclusions BPD symptoms in adolescence reflect trait-like differences between youth with less within-person variability across time. Childhood temperament dimensions of emotionality, activity, low sociability, and shyness predict adolescent BPD symptom development. Parent- and teacher-informants provide unique information about the course of BPD symptoms, underscoring the utility of collecting child assessments using multiple informants. (Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation)
Source: Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation - December 9, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research