Fitting pieces into the puzzle: The impact of titanium-based dental implant surface modifications on bacterial accumulation and polymicrobial infections

Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2021 Oct 20;298:102551. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102551. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPolymicrobial infection is the main cause of dental implant failure. Although numerous studies have reported the ability of titanium (Ti) surface modifications to inhibit microbial adhesion and biofilm accumulation, the majority of solutions for the utilization of Ti antibacterial surfaces have been testedin in vitro and animal models, with only a few developed surfaces progressing into clinical research. Motivated by this huge gap, we critically reviewed the scientific literature on the existing antibacterial Ti surfaces to help understand these surfaces' impact on the "puzzle" of undesirable dental implant-related infections. This manuscript comprises three main sections: (i) a narrative review on topics related to oral biofilm formation, bacterial-implant surface interactions, and on how implant-surface modifications can influence microbial accumulation; (ii) a critical evidence-based review to summarize pre-clinical and clinical studies in an attempt to "fit pieces into the puzzle" to unveil the best way to reduce microbial loads and control polymicrobial infection around dental implants showed by the current in vivo evidence; and (iii) discussion and recommendations for future research testing emerging antibacterial implant surfaces, connecting basic science and the requirements for future clinical translation. The findings of the present review suggest no con...

Source: Advances in Colloid and Interface Science - November 10, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Raphael C Costa Bruna E Nagay Martinna Bertolini B árbara E Costa-Oliveira Aline A Sampaio Bel én Retamal-Valdes Jamil A Shibli Magda Feres Valentim A R Bar ão Jo āo Gabriel S Souza Source Type: research