New perspectives in bronchial asthma: Pathological, immunological alterations, biological targets and pharmacotherapy.

New perspectives in bronchial asthma: Pathological, immunological alterations, biological targets and pharmacotherapy. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2020 Sep 16;:1-72 Authors: Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK Abstract Asthma is the most common, long-lasting inflammatory airway disease that affects more than 10% of the world population. It is characterized by bronchial narrowing, airway hyperresponsiveness, vasodilatation, airway edema and stimulation of sensory nerve endings that lead to recurring events of breathlessness, wheezing, chest tightness and coughing. It is the main reason for global morbidity and occurs as a result of the weakening of the immune system in response to exposure to allergens or environmental exposure. In asthma condition, it results in the activation of numerous inflammatory cells like the mast and dendritic cells along with the accumulation of activated eosinophils and lymphocytes at the inflammation site. The structural cells such as airway epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells release inflammatory mediators that promote the bronchial inflammation. Long-lasting bronchial inflammation can cause pathological alterations viz., the improved thickness of the bronchial epithelium and friability of airway epithelial cells, epithelium fibrosis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, angiogenesis and mucus gland hyperplasia. The stimulation of bronchial epithelial cell would result in the release of inflamm...
Source: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol Source Type: research