Mucosal associated invariant T cells and V δ2+ γδ T cells in community acquired pneumonia: association of abundance in sputum with clinical severity and outcome.

Mucosal associated invariant T cells and Vδ2+ γδ T cells in community acquired pneumonia: association of abundance in sputum with clinical severity and outcome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2019 Oct 06;: Authors: Hannaway RF, Wang X, Schneider M, Slow S, Cowan J, Brockway B, Schofield MR, Morgan XC, Murdoch DR, Ussher JE Abstract Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and Vδ2+ γδ T cells are anti-bacterial innate-like lymphocytes (ILLs) that are enriched in blood and mucosa. ILLs have been implicated in control of infection. However, the role of ILLs in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is unknown. Using sputum samples from a well-characterised CAP cohort, MAIT cell and Vδ2+ T cell abundance was determined by quantitative PCR. Cytokine and chemokine concentrations in sputum were measured. The capacity of bacteria in sputum to produce activating ligands for MAIT cells and Vδ2+ T cells was inferred by 16S rRNA sequencing. MAIT cell abundance in sputum was higher in patients with less severe pneumonia; duration of hospital admission was inversely correlated with both MAIT and Vδ2+ T cell abundance. The abundance of both ILLs was higher in patients with a confirmed bacterial aetiology, however there was no correlation with total bacterial load or the predicted capacity of bacteria to produce activating ligands. Sputum MAIT cell abundance was associated with interferon-α, interferon- γ, and sputum neutrophil abundance, while Vδ2+ T...
Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tags: Clin Exp Immunol Source Type: research