Risk Factors for Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an exceptionally aggressive cancer arising from the biliary duct epithelium and CCA represent approximately 3 to 5% of all malignancies of the gastrointestinal system. CCA are classically sub-divided into three groups depending on the anatomical site of origin: intrahepatic CCA (iCCA), perihilar CCA (pCCA) and distal CCA (dCCA). iCCAs classically arise above the second-order bile ducts, whereas the anatomical point of distinction between perihilar cholangiocarcinomas (pCCAs) and distal cholangiocarcinomas (dCCAs) is the cystic duct [1 –4,76].
Source: Journal of Hepatology - Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Oliver Clements, Joseph Eliahoo, Jin Un Kim, Simon D. Taylor-Robinson, Shahid A. Khan Source Type: research
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