Risk Factors for Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an exceptionally aggressive cancer arising from the biliary duct epithelium and CCA represent approximately 3 to 5% of all malignancies of the gastrointestinal system. CCA are classically sub-divided into three groups depending on the anatomical site of origin: intrahepatic CCA (iCCA), perihilar CCA (pCCA) and distal CCA (dCCA). iCCAs classically arise above the second-order bile ducts, whereas the anatomical point of distinction between perihilar cholangiocarcinomas (pCCAs) and distal cholangiocarcinomas (dCCAs) is the cystic duct [1 –4,76].
Source: Journal of Hepatology - Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Source Type: research