Independent and joint association of obesity and metabolic syndrome with depression and inflammation.

Objective: To investigate the separate and combined associations of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) with depression and the role of inflammation. Method: Depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and was defined with a cutpoint of ≥10. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 from measured height and weight. MetS was defined based on the American Heart Association consensus definition. Participants were divided into four groups: healthy normal weight (MHN), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUN), and metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO). C-Reactive protein was assessed in a subsample. Results: A total of 18,025 subjects were included in the analysis. Participants with MUO had the highest prevalence of depression compared with the MHN group (14.8% vs. 6.8, p
Source: Health Psychology - Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research