Peroxisomal regulation of redox homeostasis and adipocyte metabolism

Publication date: Available online 14 March 2019Source: Redox BiologyAuthor(s): Jingjing Liu, Wen Lu, Bimin Shi, Samuel Klein, Xiong SuAbstractPeroxisomes are ubiquitous cellular organelles required for specific pathways of fatty acid oxidation and lipid synthesis, and until recently their functions in adipocytes have not been well appreciated. Moreover, peroxisomes host many oxygen-consumption reactions and play a major role in generation and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), influencing whole cell redox status. Here, we review recent progress in peroxisomal functions in lipid metabolism as related to ROS/RNS metabolism and discuss the roles of peroxisomal redox homeostasis in adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. We provide a framework for understanding redox regulation of peroxisomal functions in adipocytes together with testable hypotheses for developing therapies for obesity and the related metabolic diseases.Graphical abstractPeroxisomes and mitochondria coordinate to generate signaling lipids and establish a redox tone to control adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism.
Source: Redox Biology - Category: Biology Source Type: research