Prevention of oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the intestine by different cranberry phenolic fractions

Cranberry fruit has been reported to have high antioxidant effectiveness that is potentially linked to its richness in diversified polyphenolic content. The aim of the present study is to determine the role of cranberry polyphenolic fractions in oxidative stress, inflammation and mitochondrial functions using intestinal Caco-2/15 cells. The combination ofHPLC and UPLC-TDQ techniques allowed us to characterize the profile of low, medium and high molecular weight polyphenolic compounds in cranberry extracts. The medium molecular weight fraction was enriched with flavonoids and procyanidin dimers whereas procyanidin oligomers (degree of polymerization > 4) were the dominant class of polyphenols in the high molecular weight fraction. Pre-incubation of Caco-2/15 cells with these cranberry extracts prevented iron/ascorbate-mediated lipid peroxidation and counteracted lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation as evidenced by the decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2. Cranberry polyphenols fractions limited both NF-kB activation and Nrf2 down-regulation. Consistently, cranberry procyanidins alleviated oxidative stress-dependent mitochondrial dysfunctions as showed by the rise in ATP production and the up-regulation of Bcl-2, as well as the decline of protein expression of cytochrome C and apoptotic inducing factor. These mitochondrial effects were associated with a significant stimulation of PGC-1α, a central in...
Source: Clinical Science - Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Source Type: research