A 5-year longitudinal structural equation model of social isolation and probable major depression among participants with spinal cord injury.

Rehabilitation Psychology, Vol 69(2), May 2024, 145-152; doi:10.1037/rep0000533Objective: To develop longitudinal structural models of social isolation and probable major depression (PMD) over a 5-year interval among participants with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Longitudinal structural equation modeling of self-report assessments collected during two follow-ups (2013 as Time 1, 2018 as Time 2) of a 45-year multicohort longitudinal study. Participants (n = 557) were identified from a specialty hospital in the Southeastern United States and two Midwestern hospitals and were initially enrolled in 1973–1974, 1984–1985, 1993–1994, or 2003–2004. PMD symptomology was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and was defined by PHQ-9 scores ≥ 10. Social isolation was represented by two latent dimensions: social disconnectedness, objective component measured by activities, and perceived isolation, based on subjective appraisals. Structural equation modeling assessed the relationship among social disconnectedness and perceived isolation measured at Time 1 and PMD measured at Times 1 and 2. Results: Both social disconnectedness and perceived isolation, measured at Time 1, were significantly related with PMD measured at Time 1 (rSD_Time 1 and PMD_Time 1 = .49, p
Source: Rehabilitation Psychology - Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research