Immunoregulatory natural killer cells

Clin Chim Acta. 2024 Apr 5:117896. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117896. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis review discusses a broader scope of functional roles for NK cells. Despite the well-known cytolytic and inflammatory roles of NK cells against tumors and pathogenic diseases, extensive evidence demonstrates certain subsets of NK cells have defacto immunoregulatory effects and have a role in inducing anergy or lysis of antigen-activated T cells and regulating several autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests certain subsets of immunoregulatory NK cells can cause anergy or lysis of antigen-activated T cells to regulate hyperinflammatory diseases, including multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Several pathogens induce T cell and NK cell exhaustion and/or suppression, which impair the immune system's control of the replication speed of virulent pathogens and tumors and result in extensive antigens and antigen-antibody immune complexes, potentially inducing a Type III hypersensitivity immune reaction. The Type III hypersensitivity immune reaction induces immune cell secretion of proteinases, which can create autoantigens which activate T cells to initiate autoimmune and/or hyperinflammatory diseases. Furthermore, pathogen induced NK cell exhaustion and/or suppression will inhibit NK cells which would have induced the anergy or lysis of activated T cells to regulate autoimmune and hyperinflammatory diseases. Autoimmune and hyperinflammatory diseases can be consequenc...
Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry - Category: Chemistry Authors: Source Type: research