Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 500: Friends and Foes: The Ambivalent Role of Autophagy in HIV-1 Infection

Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 500: Friends and Foes: The Ambivalent Role of Autophagy in HIV-1 Infection
Viruses doi: 10.3390/v16040500
Authors:
Susanne Klute
Konstantin M. J. Sparrer

Autophagy has emerged as an integral part of the antiviral innate immune defenses, targeting viruses or their components for lysosomal degradation. Thus, successful viruses, like pandemic human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), evolved strategies to counteract or even exploit autophagy for efficient replication. Here, we provide an overview of the intricate interplay between autophagy and HIV-1. We discuss the impact of autophagy on HIV-1 replication and report in detail how HIV-1 manipulates autophagy in infected cells and beyond. We also highlight tissue and cell-type specifics in the interplay between autophagy and HIV-1. In addition, we weigh exogenous modulation of autophagy as a putative double-edged sword against HIV-1 and discuss potential implications for future antiretroviral therapy and curative approaches. Taken together, we consider both antiviral and proviral roles of autophagy to illustrate the ambivalent role of autophagy in HIV-1 pathogenesis and therapy.

Source: Viruses - March 25, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Susanne Klute Konstantin M. J. Sparrer Tags: Review Source Type: research