Evaluation of larvicidal potential of Eritrean medicinal plants against Aedes aegypti

AbstractLarvicidal activity of three Eritrean medicinal plants was evaluated againstAedes aegypti by conducting the bioassay using WHO methods. Efficacy of the plant extracts ofO. hadiense, R. officinalis andC. spinarum was evaluated against 3rd instarAedes aegypti larvae and mortality was recorded. LC50 and LC90 of the various plant extracts were also calculated using probit analysis. The morphological analysis of treated larvae was also performed. Extracts ofO. hadiense, C. spinarium andR. officinalis were prepared using different solvents viz chloroform, 70% ethanol and water. Of the screened extracts, the chloroform extracts ofO. hadiense exhibited the highest larvicidal activities and has the minimum LC50 and LC90 (24  mg/ml and 198.411 mg/ml respectively). Chloroform extract ofC. spinarium exhibited the least larvicidal activity with maximum LC50 and LC90 (736.883  mg/ml and 1188.699 mg/ml respectively). Microscopic analysis confirmed the changes in theAedes aegypti larvae caused by various plants extracts. An accumulation of dark pigmentation was observed in abdominal region and in the anal papillae after contact and also showed major structural damage such as destruction of the gut.
Source: Journal of Parasitic Diseases - Category: Parasitology Source Type: research