Emulating Trials and Quantifying Bias: The Convergence of Health Technology Assessment Agency Real-World Evidence Guidance

We read with interest the article by Moler-Zapata et  al,1 illustrating how the target trial framework2 can be applied to a health technology assessment (HTA) setting with a demonstration study evaluating the cost-effectiveness of emergency surgery for 2 common acute gastrointestinal conditions. The article is of significant interest, given the real- world evidence (RWE) frameworks or guidance recently published by a number of HTA agencies, for example, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE),3 Haute Autorité de santé (HAS),4,5 and the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH),6 all highlighting target t rial emulation (TTE) as best practice for causal research questions (Table 1).

Source: Value in Health - December 20, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Simon Chen, Natalie Tikhonovsky, Nishit Dhanji, Sreeram Ramagopalan Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research