Epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic advances of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in non ‐small cell lung cancer

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertions (EGFRex20ins), the third most prevalentEGFR mutation in non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cancer, pose a significant clinical challenge due to resistance to conventional treatments. Recent approvals of mobocertinib and amivantamab offer promising therapeutic options. This review summarizes key epidemiological and therapeutic insights, paving the way for improved clinical management of NSCLC patients with EGFRex20ins. AbstractThe third most prevalent type of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, EGFR exon 20 insertions (EGFRex20ins), involves 2% –12% of all cases of EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 90% of the mutations occur within the loop structure region, and the most frequently reported subtypes are A767_V769dup and S768_D770dup, which together account for almost 50% of instances. Apart from the unique s ubtype of A763_Y764insFQEA, NSCLCs with EGFRex20ins are resistant to approved EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and are also insensitive to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. A new modality of treatment for NSCLC patients with EGFRx20ins has been established with the approval of mobocertinib and am ivantamab. There are also numerous novel targeted treatments for NSCLC with EGFRex20ins in development, which are anticipated to improve this patient population's survival even further. This review provides a reference for the clinical management of these patients by summarizing th...
Source: Thoracic Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research