Genes, Vol. 14, Pages 1846: LRP5, Bone Mass Polymorphisms and Skeletal Disorders

Genes, Vol. 14, Pages 1846: LRP5, Bone Mass Polymorphisms and Skeletal Disorders Genes doi: 10.3390/genes14101846 Authors: Jake Littman Wentian Yang Jon Olansen Chanika Phornphutkul Roy K. Aaron The formation and maintenance of the gross structure and microarchitecture of the human skeleton require the concerted functioning of a plethora of morphogenic signaling processes. Through recent discoveries in the field of genetics, numerous genotypic variants have been implicated in pathologic skeletal phenotypes and disorders arising from the disturbance of one or more of these processes. For example, total loss-of-function variants of LRP5 were found to be the cause of osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome (OPPG). LRP5 encodes for the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5, a co-receptor in the canonical WNT–β-catenin signaling pathway and a crucial protein involved in the formation and maintenance of homeostasis of the human skeleton. Beyond OPPG, other partial loss-of-function variants of LRP5 have been found to be associated with other low bone mass phenotypes and disorders, while LRP5 gain-of-function variants have been implicated in high bone mass phenotypes. This review introduces the roles that LRP5 plays in skeletal morphogenesis and discusses some of the structural consequences that result from abnormalities in LRP5. A greater understanding of how the LRP5 receptor functions in bone and other body tissues could provide i...
Source: Genes - Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research