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Age, menstruation history, and the brain
Conclusions: Menopause may contribute to brain volume beyond typical aging effects. Furthermore, early age of menarche, delayed age of menopause and increasing duration of reproductive stage were negatively associated with brain volume. Further research is required to determine whether the negative association between age of menopause and HV is potentially an indicator of future vulnerability for dementia.
Source: Menopause - February 1, 2021 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Migraine and menopause - a narrative review
Discussion and conclusion: Many women are informed that their migraines will disappear postmenopause; there are some data to support this, but a specific time frame has not been evidenced. Stroke risk in women with migraine with aura is small in absolute terms, but important at the population level, because migraine is so prevalent. The risk becomes clinically important in the context of additional stroke risk factors, which increase with aging such as hypertension. Estrogen in combined hormonal contraception increases the risk of an ischemic stroke, however, the lower amount of estrogen in HT may not contribute to a m...
Source: Menopause - January 1, 2021 Category: OBGYN Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

The Women's Health Initiative Estrogen-alone Trial had differential disease and medical expenditure consequences across age groups
Conclusion: The decline in ET utilization had differential disease and expenditure consequences by age groups in the United States. These results are limited by the lack of inclusion of vasomotor symptom benefit and costs of alternative medications for these symptoms in the analysis.
Source: Menopause - May 29, 2020 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Women's Health Initiative clinical trials: potential interactive effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with hormonal therapy on cardiovascular disease
Conclusions: CaD did not consistently modify the effect of CEE therapy or CEE + MPA therapy on CVD events. However, the increased risk of stroke due to CEE therapy appears to be mitigated by CaD supplementation. In contrast, CaD supplementation did not influence the risk of stroke due to CEE + MPA.
Source: Menopause - August 1, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Vaginal estrogen use and chronic disease risk in the Nurses’ Health Study
Conclusions: Vaginal estrogen use was not associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Our findings lend support to the safety of vaginal estrogen use, a highly effective treatment for genitourinary syndrome of menopause.
Source: Menopause - June 1, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Hormone therapy in postmenopausal women associated with risk of stroke and venous thromboembolism: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan
Conclusions: In postmenopausal Taiwanese women, HT may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Although the women in our population receiving HT were near menopausal age, their risk of cardiovascular disease was still higher than in the non-HT group.
Source: Menopause - January 29, 2019 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The 2017 hormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society
The 2017 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS) updates the 2012 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society and identifies future research needs. An Advisory Panel of clinicians and researchers expert in the field of women's health and menopause was recruited by NAMS to review the 2012 Position Statement, evaluate new literature, assess the evidence, and reach consensus on recommendations, using the level of evidence to identify the strength of recommendations and the quality of the evidence. The Panel's recommendations were reviewed and approved by...
Source: Menopause - October 25, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Commemorative Papers Source Type: research

Hormone therapy in menopausal women with fibroids: is it safe?
Menopause is an important transition in the life of women. It has been estimated that by the year 2030, worldwide 1.2 billion women will be menopausal. The most bothersome symptoms of menopause are believed to be due to declines in estrogen levels in postmenopausal women. Thus, hormone therapy is an effective treatment option for menopausal women, although prolonged use of hormone therapy is associated with a slightly increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, and stroke. A literature search for studies evaluating the effects of hormone therapy in menopausal women with asymptomatic fibroids demonstrated variable eff...
Source: Menopause - July 26, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Personal Perspective Source Type: research

Increased cardiac and stroke death risk in the first year after discontinuation of postmenopausal hormone therapy
Conclusions: Discontinuation of postmenopausal HT may be associated with increased risk of cardiac and stroke death in the first posttreatment year. Further investigation is required to evaluate causality of the observed associations.
Source: Menopause - March 23, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The 2017 hormone therapy position statement of The North American Menopause Society
Abstract: The 2017 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS) updates the 2012 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society and identifies future research needs. An Advisory Panel of clinicians and researchers expert in the field of women's health and menopause was recruited by NAMS to review the 2012 Position Statement, evaluate new literature, assess the evidence, and reach consensus on recommendations, using the level of evidence to identify the strength of recommendations and the quality of the evidence. The Panel's recommendations were reviewed and a...
Source: Menopause - June 27, 2017 Category: OBGYN Tags: Position Statement Source Type: research

Hormone therapy and clinical and surrogate cardiovascular endpoints in women with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions: Studies examining the effect of postmenopausal HT on CV outcomes in women with CKD are lacking. Further prospective study of the role of postmenopausal HT in this high-risk group is required.
Source: Menopause - August 26, 2016 Category: OBGYN Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Women's Health Initiative estrogen plus progestin clinical trial: a study that does not allow establishing relevant clinical risks
Conclusions: The differences in RMST for the outcomes of the WHI study are too small to establish clinical risks related to hormone therapy use.
Source: Menopause - December 1, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Estradiol-based postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality
Conclusions: In absolute terms, the risk reductions mean 19 fewer CHD deaths and 7 fewer stroke deaths per 1,000 women using any HT for at least 10 years.
Source: Menopause - August 28, 2015 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Risk of stroke in healthy postmenopausal women during and after hormone therapy: a meta-analysis
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that HT may increase the risk of stroke during, but not after, HT in healthy postmenopausal women.
Source: Menopause - October 30, 2014 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research