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Lipoprotein(a) concentrations, apolipoprotein(a) isoforms and clinical endpoints in haemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from the 4D Study
Conclusions High Lp(a) concentrations and LMW apo(a) isoforms are risk predictors for all-cause mortality and death due to infection in haemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus. These associations are modified by age.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - November 1, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kollerits, B., Drechsler, C., Krane, V., Lamina, C., März, W., Dieplinger, H., Ritz, E., Wanner, C., Kronenberg, F., for the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study Investigators Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Neurological complications in chronic kidney disease patients
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a high prevalence of cerebrovascular disorders such as stroke, white matter diseases, intracerebral microbleeds and cognitive impairment. This situation has been observed not only in end-stage renal disease patients but also in patients with mild or moderate CKD. The occurrence of cerebrovascular disorders may be linked to the presence of traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in CKD. Here, we review current knowledge on the epidemiological aspects of CKD-associated neurological and cognitive disorders and discuss putative causes and potential treatment. ...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - September 27, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chillon, J.-M., Massy, Z. A., Stengel, B. Tags: REVIEWS - CLINICAL SCIENCE AND OUTCOME RESEARCH IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

The blood pressure-salt sensitivity paradigm: pathophysiologically sound yet of no practical value
Sodium plays an important pathophysiological role in blood pressure (BP) values and in the development of hypertension, and epidemiological studies such as the Intersalt Study have shown that the increase in BP occurring with age is determined by salt intake. Recently, a meta-analysis of 13 prospective studies has also shown the close relationship between excess sodium intake and higher risk of stroke and total cardiovascular events. However, the BP response to changing salt intake displayed a marked variability, as first suggested by Kawasaki et al. (The effect of high-sodium and low-sodium intakes on blood pressure and o...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - September 1, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Galletti, F., Strazzullo, P. Tags: NDT PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

Pro: Reducing salt intake at population level: is it really a public health priority?
A reduction in salt intake reduces blood pressure, stroke and other cardiovascular events, including chronic kidney disease, by as much as 23% (i.e. 1.25 million deaths worldwide). It is effective in both genders, any age, ethnic group, and in high-, medium- and low-income countries. Population salt reduction programmes are both feasible and effective (preventive imperative). Salt reduction programmes are cost-saving in all settings (high-, middle- and low-income countries) (economic imperative). Public health policies are powerful, rapid, equitable and cost-saving (political imperative). The important shift in public heal...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - September 1, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Cappuccio, F. P. Tags: POLAR VIEWS IN NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Defining end-stage renal disease in clinical trials: a framework for adjudication
Unlike definition of stroke and myocardial infarction, there is no uniformly agreed upon definition to adjudicate end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD remains the most unambiguous and clinically relevant end point for clinical trialists, regulators, payers and patients with chronic kidney disease. The prescription of dialysis to patients with advanced chronic kidney disease is subjective and great variations exist among physicians and countries. Given the difficulties in diagnosing ESRD, the presence of estimated GFR <15 mL/min/1.7 3m2 itself has been suggested as an end point. However, this definition is still a surrog...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Agarwal, R. Tags: IDEAS, CONJECTURES AND REFUTATIONS Source Type: research

Sp301 * prognosis following ischaemic stroke in people with chronic kidney disease: a cohort study of 650 people
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Masson, P., Kelly, P. J., Maguire, J., Craig, J. C., Lindley, R. I., Webster, A. C. Tags: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY - 1 Source Type: research

Mp588 * probing risk of stroke and its related factors in elderly dialysis patients
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Han, S. S., Joo, K. W., Han, J. S., Kim, Y. S., Kim, D. K. Tags: DIALYSIS. EPIDEMIOLOGY, OUTCOME RESEARCH, HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH - 2 Source Type: research

Mp343 * the association between serum uric acid and incidence of non-fatal stroke in the ckd population: a longitudinal survey of a nationwide cohort in japan
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kamei, K., Araumi, A., Watanabe, S., Sato, H., Ichikawa, K., Konta, T., Kubota, I., Iseki, K., Yamagata, K., Fujimoto, S., Tsuruya, K., Narita, I., Moriyama, T., Yugo, S., Asahi, K., Kondo, M., Kasahara, M., Watanabe, T. Tags: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY - 2 Source Type: research

Mp200 * the impact of acute kidney injury on in-hospital mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gadalean, F., Simu, M., Joikits, R., Parv, F., Marc, L., Petrica, L., Timar, R., Bob, F., Mihaescu, A., Timar, B., Schiller, A. Tags: ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY. CLINICAL - 2 Source Type: research

Mp284 * chronic renal failure worsens ischemic stroke severity and neurological consequences in mice
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - May 13, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Brazier, F., Assem, M., Henaut, L., Kamel, S., Massy, Z. A., Chillon, J.-M. Tags: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PROGRESSION & amp; RISK FACTORS - 2 Source Type: research

APOL1 nephropathy risk variants are associated with altered high-density lipoprotein profiles in African Americans
Conclusions Greater numbers of APOL1 G1/G2 risk alleles were associated with higher small HDL particle concentrations in African Americans. These results may suggest novel areas of investigation to uncover reasons for the association between APOL1 risk variants with adverse outcomes in African Americans.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - March 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gutierrez, O. M., Judd, S. E., Irvin, M. R., Zhi, D., Limdi, N., Palmer, N. D., Rich, S. S., Sale, M. M., Freedman, B. I. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Effects of blood pressure on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy: a post hoc analysis (ORIENT-blood pressure)
Conclusion In Asian type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease and heavy proteinuria, reduction of SBP ≤ 130 mmHg was associated with greater renoprotection than cardioprotection. However, our results emphasize the need to individualize BP targets in type 2 diabetes.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - February 22, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Imai, E., Ito, S., Haneda, M., Harada, A., Kobayashi, F., Yamasaki, T., Makino, H., Chan, J. C. N. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Regulation of the epithelial Na+ channel by the mTORC2/SGK1 pathway
The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is decisive for sodium reabsorption by the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN) of the kidney. ENaC is regulated by the serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1), a kinase genomically upregulated by several hormones including glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. SGK1 is activated by the serine/threonine kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) isoform mTORC2. SGK1 knockout (sgk1–/– mice) impairs renal Na+ retention during salt depletion. The mTOR catalytic site inhibitor, PP242, but not mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin, inhibits ENaC, decreases Na+ flux in isol...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Lang, F., Pearce, D. Tags: REVIEWS - BASIC SCIENCE AND TRANSLATIONAL NEPHROLOGY Source Type: research

Multicentre randomized controlled trial of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker withdrawal in advanced renal disease: the STOP-ACEi trial
Background Blood pressure (BP) control and reduction of urinary protein excretion using agents that block the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system are the mainstay of therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Research has confirmed the benefits in mild CKD, but data on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use in advanced CKD are lacking. In the STOP-ACEi trial, we aim to confirm preliminary findings which suggest that withdrawal of ACEi/ARB treatment can stabilize or even improve renal function in patients with advanced progressive CKD. Methods The STOP-ACEi trial (tri...
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - January 25, 2016 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bhandari, S., Ives, N., Brettell, E. A., Valente, M., Cockwell, P., Topham, P. S., Cleland, J. G., Khwaja, A., El Nahas, M. Tags: Chronic Kidney Disease Source Type: research

Comparative outcomes of predominant facility-level use of ferumoxytol versus other intravenous iron formulations in incident hemodialysis patients
Conclusions In incident HD patients, ferumoxytol showed similar short- to mid-term safety profiles with regard to cardiovascular, infectious and mortality outcomes compared with the more commonly used intravenous iron formulations IS and FG.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - November 23, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Airy, M., Mandayam, S., Mitani, A. A., Chang, T. I., Ding, V. Y., Brookhart, M. A., Goldstein, B. A., Winkelmayer, W. C. Tags: Intra- and extracorporeal treatments of kidney failure Source Type: research

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