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Chapter 17 Rehabilitation of patients with glioma
Publication date: 2016 Source:Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Volume 134 Author(s): Mary Vargo, Roger Henriksson, Pär Salander Disabling sequelae occur in a majority of patients diagnosed with brain tumor, including glioma, such as cognitive deficits, weakness, and visual perceptual changes. Often, multiple impairments are present concurrently. Healthcare staff must be aware of the “biographic disruption” the patient with glioma has experienced. While prognostic considerations factor into rehabilitation goals and expectations, regardless of prognosis the treatment team must offer cohesive support, facilitating ho...
Source: Handbook of Clinical Neurology - March 4, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mapping neuroplastic potential in brain-damaged patients
It is increasingly acknowledged that the brain is highly plastic. However, the anatomic factors governing the potential for neuroplasticity have hardly been investigated. To bridge this knowledge gap, we generated a probabilistic atlas of functional plasticity derived from both anatomic magnetic resonance imaging results and intraoperative mapping data on 231 patients having undergone surgery for diffuse, low-grade glioma. The atlas includes detailed level of confidence information and is supplemented with a series of comprehensive, connectivity-based cluster analyses. Our results show that cortical plasticity is generally...
Source: Brain - February 25, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Herbet, G., Maheu, M., Costi, E., Lafargue, G., Duffau, H. Tags: CNS Injury and Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research

Study points to possible treatment for lethal pediatric brain cancer
Using brain tumor samples collected from children in the United States and Europe, an international team of scientists found that the drug panobinostat and similar gene regulating drugs may be effective at treating diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), an aggressive and lethal form of pediatric cancer.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - May 4, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Mitochondrial Encephalopathy with Lactic Acidosis and Stroke (MELAS) presenting as an apparent neoplastic process (P5.015)
CONCLUSION: MELAS can mimic more common disorders. The slow onset of her symptoms and the MRI's appearance led to suspicion for neoplasm. This is the first report to our knowledge where MELAS has presented as such. Documentation of this and other unusual presentations of mitochondrial disease is crucial to appropriate diagnosis of the condition.Disclosure: Dr. Rothstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Haq has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Rothstein, A., Haq, I. Tags: Aging, Dementia, Cognitive, and Behavioral Neurology ePosters Source Type: research

Quantitative Longitudinal Evaluation of Diaschisis-Related Cerebellar Perfusion and Diffusion Parameters in Patients with Supratentorial Hemispheric High-Grade Gliomas After Surgery
In this study, we investigated the longitudinal evolution of diaschisis-related cerebellar perfusion and diffusion tensor-imaging (DTI) changes in patients after surgery for supratentorial brain tumors. Eight patients (M:F 5:3, age 8–22 years) who received surgery for supratentorial high-grade gliomas were evaluated. Initial MRI studies were performed 19–54 days postoperatively, with follow-ups at 2- to 3-month intervals. For each study, parametric maps of the cerebellum were generated and coregistered to T1-weighted images that had been previously segmented for cGM and cWM. Aggregate mean values of CBV, cerebral blo...
Source: The Cerebellum - September 25, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Glial fibrillary acidic protein in patients with symptoms of acute stroke : Diagnostic marker of cerebral hemorrhage.
Abstract Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a highly brain-specific protein that is expressed in large quantities in astrocytes and has important functions in terms of maintaining and stabilizing the cytoskeleton. Acute intracerebral hemorrhage leads to an immediate mechanical destruction of astroglial cells with the subsequent release of GFAP into the extracellular space and the bloodstream. On the other hand, necrosis, cytolysis and GFAP release does not occur before 6-12 h after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. Thus, in the early hours after stroke increased GFAP values could indicate intracerebral hem...
Source: Der Nervenarzt - July 25, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Foerch C, Pfeilschifter W, Zeiner P, Brunkhorst R Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research

"Pseudostroke": Clinically Diagnosed Ischemia Shown to Be Multiple Sclerosis at Autopsy, A Case Report (P6.266)
CONCLUSIONS:This case emphasizes the difficult clinical and neuroradiological differential between acute stroke and acute MS in a patient presenting with new neurologic deficits with sudden onset. It appears that ADC in very acute lesions of MS may show low signal, contrary to the usual expectations. The high ADC signal reflects the increased extracellular space produced by extracellular edema or demyelination. Acute MS lesions can thus present as "Pseudostrokes".Disclosure: Dr. Uppal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kataria has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Miller has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Uppal, G., Kataria, N., Rani, P., Miller, D. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Case Reports Source Type: research

Organotypic brain slices: a model to study the neurovascular unit micro-environment in epilepsies
This study demonstrates that NVU regulation can be investigated using OHCs. We observed in this model system an increase in vascularization and a down-regulation of TJ proteins, similar to the vascular changes described in a chronic focus of epileptic patients, and in rodent models of epilepsy or inflammation. We observed that Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein disappeared after seizures associated with neuronal damage. In these conditions, the angiopoeitin-1 system was down-regulated, and the application of r-angiopoeitin-1 allowed TJ re-assembly. This article demonstrates that organotypic culture is a useful model to deci...
Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research - February 7, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Mélanie Morin-BrureauFrédéric De BockMireille Lerner-Natoli Source Type: research

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