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Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging

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Total 142 results found since Jan 2013.

Comparison of 4D flow and 2D velocity-encoded phase contrast MRI sequences for the evaluation of aortic hemodynamics
Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare aortic flow and velocity quantification using 4D flow MRI and 2D CINE phase-contrast (PC)-MRI with either one-directional (2D-1dir) or three-directional (2D-3dir) velocity encoding. 15 healthy volunteers (51 ± 19 years) underwent MRI including (1) breath-holding 2D-1dir and (2) free breathing 2D-3dir PC-MRI in planes orthogonal to the ascending (AA) and descending (DA) aorta, as well as (3) free breathing 4D flow MRI with full thoracic aorta coverage. Flow quantification included the co-registration of the 2D PC acquisition planes with 4D flow MRI data, AA an...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - July 18, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Imparied retrobulbar blood flow and increased carotid IMT in patients with Crohn ’s disease
AbstractCrohn ’s Disease [CD] is one of the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases that are chronic relapsing inflammatory diseases. Despite the major affected organ is intestine in CD, extra intestinal organs and tissues including cardiovascular system are also affected. Several studies have demonstrated that CD patients may have a higher risk of advancing atherosclerosis. The microvascular endothelial dysfunction plays an essential role for developing coronary atherosclerosis. Microvascular structural abnormalities in the retinal circulation may predict macrovascular events such as stroke and coronary heart diseas e. In order to ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - August 12, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

A new method to estimate pulmonary vascular resistance using diastolic pulmonary artery-right ventricular pressure gradients derived from continuous-wave Doppler velocity measurements of pulmonary regurgitation
AbstractPulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is an important hemodynamic parameter in patients with heart failure, especially when the pulmonary arterial pressure is lower due to reduced stroke volume. Several echocardiographic methods to estimate PVR have been proposed, but their applications in patients with organic left-sided heart diseases have been limited. The aim of the present study was to examine the usefulness of our new method to estimate PVR (PVRPR) based on the continuous-wave Doppler velocity measurements of pulmonary regurgitation in these patients. In 43 patients who underwent right heart catheterization, PV...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - August 29, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Gestational changes in left ventricular myocardial contractile function: new insights from two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography
AbstractThe goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of pregnancy and labor on left ventricular (LV) myocardial mechanics using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Pregnancy is characterized by profound hormonal and hemodynamic alterations that directly or indirectly influence cardiac structure and function. However, the impact of these changes on left ventricular (LV) myocardial contractile function has not been fully elucidated. In this prospective, longitudinal study, 35 pregnant women underwent serial clinical and echocardiographic evaluation during each trimester and at labor. Two dimensional STE was perform...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - September 13, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Characterizing the spectrum of right ventricular remodelling in response to chronic training
AbstractThe significance and spectrum of reduced right ventricular (RV) deformation, reported in endurance athletes, is unclear. To comprehensively analyze the cardiac performance at rest of athletes, especially focusing on integrating RV size and deformation to unravel the underlying triggers of this ventricular remodelling. Hundred professional male athletes and 50 sedentary healthy males of similar age were prospectively studied. Conventional echocardiographic parameters of all four chambers were obtained, as well as 2D echo-derived strain (2DSE) in the left (LV) and in the RV free wall with separate additional analysis...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - November 14, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

High-risk carotid plaques identified by CT-angiogram can predict acute myocardial infarction
AbstractPrior studies identified the incremental value of non-invasive imaging by CT-angiogram (CTA) to detect high-risk coronary atherosclerotic plaques. Due to their superficial locations, larger calibers and motion-free imaging, the carotid arteries provide the best anatomic access for the non-invasive characterization of atherosclerotic plaques. We aim to assess the ability of predicting obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) or acute myocardial infarction (MI) based on high-risk carotid plaque features identified by CTA. We retrospectively examined carotid CTAs of 492 patients that presented with acute stroke to ch...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - November 18, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Are biventricular systolic functions impaired in patient with coronoray slow flow? A prospective study with three dimensional speckle tracking
AbstractThe newly developed three dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) technology provides quick and comprehensive quantitative assessment of biventricular myocardial dynamics. The impact of coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) on biventricular functions has not been comprehensively evaluated using this new technology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CSFP on biventricular systolic functions using 3D-STE. Forty patients with CSFP and otherwise normal coronary arteries (NCAs) and 40 age- and sex-matched controls with normal coronary angiograms (CAGs) were prospectively enroll...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 5, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Subclinical markers of cardiovascular disease predict adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction
AbstractEmerging cardiovascular biomarkers, such as speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), have recently demonstrated the presence of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and arterial stiffening in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and no previous cardiovascular history. However, limited information exists on the prognostic impact of these biomarkers. We aimed to investigate whether STE and aPWV predict major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in this patient population. In this cohort study we prospectively analysed 106 CKD patients with no overt cardiovascular disease (CVD)...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 23, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Usefulness of left ventricular speckle tracking echocardiography and novel measures of left atrial structure and function in diagnosing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack patients
We examined the usefulness of measures obtained by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography and novel left atrial measurements, in the diagnosis of PAF in patients with IS and TIA. We retrospectively included 205 patients who after acute IS or TIA underwent an echocardiogram in sinus rhythm. Patients were designated as PAF-patients if they had one or more reported incidents of AF before or after their echocardiographic examination. None of the conventional echocardiographic parameters were significantly associated with PAF. Of the speckle tracking measurements, only early diastolic strain rate (0.7 ±0.2 s−1 vs. 0.8 ±0.3 ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - June 29, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Prognostic value of tricuspid regurgitation velocity and probability of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We sought to investigate the effects of tricuspid regurgitant velocity (TRV) and echocardiographic probability of PH on clinical outcomes of patients undergoing TAVI. A total of 148 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI were included and stratified as having “low” (TRV ≤2.8 m/s), “intermediate” (TRV 2.9–3.4 m/s), and “high” (TRV>3.4  m/s) probability of PH. Only the patients from the “high” probability group were considered as patients with PH. All-cause mortality, ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - July 1, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Fully-automated left ventricular mass and volume MRI analysis in the UK Biobank population cohort: evaluation of initial results
AbstractUK Biobank, a large cohort study, plans to acquire 100,000 cardiac MRI studies by 2020. Although fully-automated left ventricular (LV) analysis was performed in the original acquisition, this was not designed for unsupervised incorporation into epidemiological studies. We sought to evaluate automated LV mass and volume (Siemenssyngo InlineVF versions D13A and E11C), against manual analysis in a substantial sub-cohort of UK Biobank participants. Eight readers from two centers, trained to give consistent results, manually analyzed 4874 UK Biobank cases for LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), str...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - August 23, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Impact of transducer frequency setting on speckle tracking measures
AbstractSpeckle tracking echocardiography is an emerging technique, which is currently being included in clinical guidelines. We sought to investigate the impact of transducer frequency settings on speckle tracking derived measures. The study comprised of 22 subjects prospectively enrolled for a randomized controlled trial (LOOP-study, Clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02036450). Patients were above 70  years of age with increased risk of stroke, and had an echocardiogram performed, which included focused images of the left ventricle. Focused images were obtained with the transducer frequency set at both 1.7/3.3 and 1.5/3.0 MHz. The...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - November 3, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Clinical outcome and functional characteristics of patients with asymptomatic low-flow low-gradient severe aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction are closer to high-gradient severe than to moderate aortic stenosis
AbstractAsymptomatic “paradoxic” severe low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis with preserved ejection fraction (PAS) constitutes a challenging condition where the optimal management and follow-up remain elusive. We evaluated the clinical outcome in patients with PAS as compared to asymptomatic patients with moderate (MAS) or classical severe aortic stenosis (CAS). Consecutive asymptomatic moderate or severe aortic stenosis patients without concomitant other heart or lung disease (n = 121) were invited. Participants (n = 74) were assigned to three subgroups with regard to degree of aortic stenosis: MAS (n = ...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - November 9, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

CT based 3D printing is superior to transesophageal echocardiography for pre-procedure planning in left atrial appendage device closure
AbstractAccurate assessment of the left atrial appendage (LAA) is important for pre-procedure planning when utilizing device closure for stroke reduction. Sizing is traditionally done with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) but this is not always precise. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of the LAA may be more accurate. 24 patients underwent Watchman device (WD) implantation (71  ± 11 years, 42% female). All had complete 2-dimensional TEE. Fourteen also had cardiac computed tomography (CCT) with 3D printing to produce a latex model of the LAA for pre-procedure planning. Device implantation was unsuccessful in 2 cas...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - December 8, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Noninvasive quantification of left-to-right shunt by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging in secundum atrial septal defect: the effects of breath holding and comparison with invasive oximetry
AbstractTo investigate the effect of breath-holding on left-to-right shunts in patients with a secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). Thirty-five consecutive patients with secundum ASDs underwent right heart catheterization and invasive oximetry. Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed for the main pulmonary artery and ascending aorta. All measurements were obtained during free breathing (FB) (quiet breathing; no breath-hold), expiratory breath-hold (EBH), and inspiratory breath-hold (IBH). Pulmonary circulation flow (Qp) and systemic circulation flow (Qs) were calculated by multiplying the heart rate b...
Source: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - January 16, 2018 Category: Radiology Source Type: research