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Reports Ipsilesional anodal tDCS enhances the functional benefits of rehabilitation in patients after stroke
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can boost the effects of motor training and facilitate plasticity in the healthy human brain. Motor rehabilitation depends on learning and plasticity, and motor learning can occur after stroke. We tested whether brain stimulation using anodal tDCS added to motor training could improve rehabilitation outcomes in patients after stroke. We performed a randomized, controlled trial in 24 patients at least 6 months after a first unilateral stroke not directly involving the primary motor cortex. Patients received either anodal tDCS (n = 11) or sham treatment (n = 13) paired wi...
Source: Science Translational Medicine - March 16, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Allman, C., Amadi, U., Winkler, A. M., Wilkins, L., Filippini, N., Kischka, U., Stagg, C. J., Johansen-Berg, H. Tags: Reports Source Type: research

Optimal level activity of matrix metalloproteinases is critical for adult visual plasticity in the healthy and stroke-affected brain
The ability of the adult brain to undergo plastic changes is of particular interest in medicine, especially regarding recovery from injuries or improving learning and cognition. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been associated with juvenile experience-dependent primary visual cortex (V1) plasticity, yet little is known about their role in this process in the adult V1. Activation of MMPs is a crucial step facilitating structural changes in a healthy brain; however, upon brain injury, upregulated MMPs promote the spread of a lesion and impair recovery. To clarify these seemingly opposing outcomes of MMP-activation, we e...
Source: eLife - January 6, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Pielecka-Fortuna, J., Kalogeraki, E., Fortuna, M. G., Löwel, S., Sengpiel, F. Tags: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Could be the Predominantly-Used Hemibody Related to the Weight Bearing Distribution Modified by the Chronic Hemiparesis After Stroke?
Since the first Broca publications issued from 1970s, lateralized functions in the human brain have urged the researchers to postulate hypothesis based in the right-left asymmetries and, according to some theories, the lateralization of the voluntary motor control could represent a solution to avoid redundant process optimizing space and time. Supported by this idea, the clinicians and researchers tend to concept that the chronic hemiplegic stroke patients learn to use predominantly the non-affected hemibody after stroke in which is more convenient to execute their daily life activities, modifying their natural preference in some cases.
Source: Medical Hypotheses - August 17, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Anderson Castro Mundim, Clarissa Cardoso dos Santos Couto Paz, Emerson Fachin-Martins Source Type: research

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy fails to reduce hydrocephalus formation following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Conclusion Multiple HBO therapy does not ameliorate hydrocephalus formation in a rat model of SAH; however, HBO tendentially improved the neurological functions and spatial learning and memory abilities in rats with hydrocephalus.
Source: Medical Gas Research - July 9, 2014 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: research

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