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Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates motor learning post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an attractive protocol for stroke motor recovery. The current systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of tDCS on motor learning post-stroke. Specifically, we determined long-term learning effects by examining motor improvements from baseline to at least 5 days after tDCS intervention and motor practise. 17 studies reported long-term retention testing (mean retention interval=43.8 days; SD=56.6 days) and qualified for inclusion in our meta-analysis. Assessing primary outcome measures for groups that received tDCS and motor practise versus ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - March 15, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kang, N., Summers, J. J., Cauraugh, J. H. Tags: Editor's choice, Stroke Cerebrovascular disease Source Type: research

Brain volume loss precedes cognitive decline in the first year after ischaemic stroke
Conclusions Brain volume loss precedes cognitive decline in the first year after ischaemic stroke. Tracking brain volume after stroke is important because brain volume is predictive of cognitive decline and atrophy is a hallmark of dementia.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 8, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Werden, E., Cumming, T., Bird, L., Khlif, M., Brodtmann, A. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

050 Feasibility of an automated assessment to measure cognition and mood in the acute stroke setting
Discussion Screening was adapted due to Covid pandemic and utilising remote consent and participa- tion allowed the project to continue.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - August 12, 2022 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bell, S., Harkness, K., Roman, M., Gardner, J., Richards, E., Howe, J., Sikaonga, M., Mirheidari, B., Christensen, H., Blackburn, D. Tags: Poster presentations Source Type: research

Ctbrain machine learning predicts stroke thrombolysis result
Conclusions This proof-of-concept study shows that machine learning methods applied to acute stroke CT-scans potentially offers automation, and improved performance in SICH prediction following thrombolysis. Larger-scale cohorts, and incorporation of CT perfusion/angiography data, should be tested with such methods.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Epton, S., Bentley, P., Ganesalingam, J., Dias, A., Mahady, K., Rinne, P., Sharma, P., Halse, O., Mehta, A., Rueckert, D. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Deep learning-based personalised outcome prediction after acute ischaemic stroke
Conclusions Deep learning models using clinical data and brain images could improve the prediction of MACEs and provide personalised outcome prediction for patients with AIS. Deep learning models will allow us to develop more accurate and tailored prognostic prediction systems that outperform traditional models.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - April 13, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kim, D.-Y., Choi, K.-H., Kim, J.-H., Hong, J., Choi, S.-M., Park, M.-S., Cho, K.-H. Tags: Cerebrovascular disease Source Type: research

The acute complications of melas: a case series
Mitochondrial cytopathies are maternally inherited disorders of ATP production, with a predilection for primarily affecting the CNS. Many clinical phenotypes exist, each with varying involvement of skeletal and cardiac muscles, the kidneys and gastrointestinal system. Mitochondrial cytopathies can present early in life, but increasingly neurologists are faced with acute presentations of mitochondrial disease in adulthood. MELAS (mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like syndrome) is a mitochondrial disorder that can present both insidiously and acutely. Common acute features are encephalopathy, seizures...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Bramhall, N., Jones, M. Tags: Epilepsy and seizures, Stroke, Psychotic disorders (incl schizophrenia) ABN Annual Meeting, 17-19 May 2016, The Brighton Centre, Brighton Source Type: research

Augmented reality dynamic holography for neurology
Conclusion Dynamic holography has been applied to common neurological topics as short presentations to medical students. ARDH was well received and represents a new educational tool for teaching complex topics.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 9, 2014 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Lelos, N., Campos, P., Sugand, K., Bailey, C., Mirza, K. Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

The neural correlates of road sign knowledge and route learning in semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease
Discussion and conclusions For the first time, driving skills were explored in SD, and it is showed a differential profile from the one detected in AD. We demonstrate that the left anterior temporal cortex is implicated in road sign knowledge, while a distributed cortical network, including the frontal cortex, is likely to process route learning.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Luzzi, S., Cafazzo, V., Damora, A., Fabi, K., Fringuelli, F. M., Ascoli, G., Silvestrini, M., Provinciali, L., Reverberi, C. Tags: Dementia, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Psychiatry of old age, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) Cognitive neurology Source Type: research

Neuropsychological changes following deep brain stimulation surgery for Parkinson's disease: comparisons of treatment at pallidal and subthalamic targets versus best medical therapy
Conclusions In those with PD, the likelihood of significant decline in neuropsychological functioning increases with DBS, affecting a small minority of patients who also appear to respond less optimally to DBS by other indicators of QOL. Trial registration number NCT00056563 and NCT01076452.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - May 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Rothlind, J. C., York, M. K., Carlson, K., Luo, P., Marks, W. J., Weaver, F. M., Stern, M., Follett, K., Reda, D., Ippolito, Stoner, Barnett, Bukowski, DeNicolo, Hur, Jimenez, Motyka, Simon, Thakkar, Woolson, Fye, Gagne, Harris, Heemskerk, Moy, Sheehy, O' Tags: Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Memory disorders (psychiatry) Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Home computerised cognitive testing for tbi is feasible and popular
Serial neuropsychological testing potentially provides a powerful tool for tracking disease progress and identifying treatment response. Formal neuropsychometric assessment by a clinical psychologist is ideal but impractical for regular testing. Remote computerised assessment resolves this difficulty by allowing frequent home assessment, but is potentially limited by patient compliance and practise effects. We study the feasibility of this approach in an on-going clinical trial investigating the effects of methylphenidate on cognition after traumatic brain injury (TBI): Dopamine's Role in Enhancing Attention and Memory (DR...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Jenkins, P., Fleminger, J., De-Simoni, S., Jolly, A., Gorgoraptis, N., Hampshire, A., Sharp, D. Tags: Neurological injury, Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Trauma, Injury Thur 21, Parallel session 5: Therapeutics Source Type: research

The prediagnostic phase of Parkinson's disease
The field of prediagnostic Parkinson's disease (PD) is fast moving with an expanding range of clinical and laboratory biomarkers, and multiple strategies seeking to discover those in the earliest stages or those ‘at risk’. It is widely believed that the highest likelihood of securing neuroprotective benefit from drugs will be in these subjects, preceding current point of diagnosis of PD. In this review, we outline current knowledge of the prediagnostic phase of PD, including an up-to-date review of risk factors (genetic and environmental), their relative influence, and clinical features that occur prior to diag...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 13, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Noyce, A. J., Lees, A. J., Schrag, A.-E. Tags: Open access, Drugs: CNS (not psychiatric), Parkinson's disease, Stroke Movement disorders Source Type: research