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USP18 Overexpression Protects against Focal Cerebral Ischemia Injury in Mice by Suppressing Microglial Activation
This study aims to determine whether USP18 expression protects against brain damage in ischemic models of stroke. We investigated USP18 expression, overexpression, and knockout under ischemic conditions in vitro and in vivo. Using BV2 microglial cells under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and 60 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice as models of ischemia, we assessed the infarct volume, the extent of neurogenesis, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and Janus Kinases (JAKs)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) pathway members. BV2 cells under OGD for 0, 6, 12, or 24 h...
Source: Neuroscience - September 10, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acid supplement prevents development of intracranial atherosclerosis
Conclusions: Long-term O3FA dietary supplementation prevents the development of intracranial atherosclerosis. This O3FA effect appears to be mediated by its prevention of macrophage infiltration into the vessel wall, therefore reducing inflammation and intimal thickening. While similar effects in humans need to be determined, O3FA dietary supplement shows promising results in the prevention of ICAS.
Source: Neuroscience - August 23, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Inhibition of cerebral vascular inflammation by brain endothelium-targeted oligodeoxynucleotide complex
In conclusion, our approach using DNA nanotechnology for DNA decoy delivery could potentially be utilized for inhibition of inflammation in ischemic stroke and other neuro-inflammatory diseases affecting cerebral vasculature.
Source: Neuroscience - May 18, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

HAMI 3379, a CysLT2R antagonist, dose- and time-dependently attenuates brain injury and inhibits microglial inflammation after focal cerebral ischemia in rats
Publication date: 16 April 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 291 Author(s): Q.J. Shi , H. Wang , Z.X. Liu , S.H. Fang , X.M. Song , Y.B. Lu , W.P. Zhang , X.Y. Sa , H.Z. Ying , E.Q. Wei Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) induce inflammatory responses by activating their receptors, CysLT1R and CysLT2R. We have reported that CysLT2R is involved in neuronal injury, astrocytosis, and microgliosis, and that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of the selective CysLT2R antagonist HAMI 3379 protects against acute brain injury after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. In the present study, we clarified features of the protective ...
Source: Neuroscience - February 26, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research