• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Stroke after spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Not a single mechanism. Case report and review of literature
We report a case of SIH followed with brain infarction, with a distinct presentation from previous literature, suggesting a different mechanism. A 35 year-old had severe orthostatic headache, responsible for prolonged bed rest. One month later, he had acute left hemiparesis secondary to stroke and right posterior cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke MRI showed arguments for intracranial hypotension (thickened meninges). He was successfully treated with intravenous rtPA thrombolysis. Headache were resolved after an epidural blood patch. A patent foramen ovale was detected. Clinical features of this description were compared w...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - January 16, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Moyamoya disease with epileptic nystagmus: A case report
We report a case of moyamoya disease with epileptic nystagmus. A 23-year-old woman presented with a headache and transient hemiparesis on her left side. Magnetic resonance imaging showed no ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke lesions. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed stenosis of the terminal portion of the right internal carotid artery and the formation of moyamoya vessels on the right side. 123I-N-isopropyl-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed decreased uptake in the right basal ganglia, frontal, and parietal regions. After electroencephalography (EEG) and a hyperventila...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - August 20, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

High resolution vessel wall MR imaging in prestenotic intracranial atherosclerotic disease
We present a case of intracranial hemorrhage presumably due to intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) identified by VWI and silent on lumen-based imaging modalities. A 66-year-old female presented with sudden onset headache and dysarthria. A head CT showed intracranial hemorrhage centered in the right basal ganglia. Further imaging by CT angiography, MR angiography and a conventional catheter angiogram were negative. MRI of the brain, including VWI, showed abnormal enhancement in the right middle cerebral artery vessel wall, suggesting intracranial atherosclerotic changes in a prestenotic vessel. As a potential noninv...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - January 23, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Internal carotid artery dissection without intracranial infarct following a minor shoulder trauma: The second pediatric case and review of the literature
ConclusionIn carotid artery dissections, prodromal symptoms such as transient ischemic attack, like in our patient, are rarely present in children. For good long term outcomes, it is very important to suspect, diagnose and initiate appropriate treatment in a rapid manner in carotid artery dissection before severe neurological findings such as acute ischemic stroke develops.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - July 22, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Ischaemic stroke may symptomatically manifest as migraine aura
Publication date: Available online 19 July 2018Source: Journal of Clinical NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Michael J. Waters, Edmund Cheong, Jim Jannes, Timothy KleinigAbstractMigraine aura is a common stroke mimic. We hypothesised that some patients with typical migraine aura symptoms might have embolic stroke detected as the precipitant. We identified fourteen patients who presented with symptoms consistent with a clinical diagnosis of migraine aura, but demonstrated subsequent evidence of acute infarction on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In all patients, migraine aura symptoms were not directly attributable to the vascular l...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - July 20, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Utility of cone-beam computed tomography angiography for the assessment of vertebral artery dissection
In conclusion, CBCT-A provides detailed luminal and wall morphology of VADs. CBCT-A is useful for the accurate diagnosis of VADs.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - January 6, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Isolated intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia of the posterior cerebral artery
We report a patient with FMD involving the posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs). A 24year old female was presented with a 4day history of right homonymous hemianopsia with throbbing headache in the left temporo-occipital area. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the left PCA territory, while the Time of Flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) showed segmental luminal irregularities in the left proximal PCA. The conventional angiogram revealed the “string of beads” appearance, a characteristic that is pathognomonic for FMD. The patient’s inhospital clinical course was ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - August 1, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Reversible hemispheric hypoperfusion in two cases of SMART syndrome
We present two cases demonstrating reversible hemispheric hypoperfusion. Case 1 presented with left hemispheric symptoms following previous similar episodes. CT perfusion (CTP) demonstrated reversible hemispheric hypoperfusion; subsequent investigations were consistent with SMART syndrome. Case 2 presented following the third episode of a hemispheric syndrome with near-identical CTP abnormalities. L-arginine was administered with rapid reversal of clinical and CTP abnormalities. We conclude that SMART syndrome may demonstrate significant hypoperfusion on hyperacute CTP without subsequent infarction. Impaired cerebrovascula...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - June 21, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Pituitary aspergillus infection
We report a case of Aspergillus infection involving the pituitary gland and sellar region discovered in a 74-year-old man. The patient had a history of hypertension, chronic renal disease, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and presented with right eye pain, headaches and worsening hemiparesis. Imaging studies revealed a right internal carotid artery occlusion and an acute right pontine stroke along with smaller infarcts in the right middle cerebral artery distribution. Clinically, the patient was thought to have vasculitis. An infectious etiology was not identified. He developed respiratory distress and died. At autopsy, necroti...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - May 29, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neurological complications of acute multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy
The objective of this patient series is to describe the neurological complications of AMPPE. We retrospectively identified patients with neurological complications of AMPPE seen at Auckland Hospital between 2008 and 2013 and summarised cases in the literature between 1976 and 2013. We identified five patients with neurological complications of AMPPE at Auckland Hospital and 47 reported patients. These patients demonstrated a spectrum of neurological involvement including isolated headache, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, seizures, venous sinus thrombosis, optic neuritis, sensorineural hearing loss and peripheral vest...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - May 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Management of moyamoya syndrome in patients with Noonan syndrome
We report four cases of Noonan syndrome patients presenting with headaches and/or sensorimotor strokes in childhood that caused unilateral sensorimotor impairment. Cerebral angiography and MRI revealed bilateral moyamoya syndrome. All patients underwent successful bilateral extracranial-to-intracranial revascularization. The first patient was a 10-year-old girl who presented following a hemorrhagic stroke and recovered well after indirect bypass. The second patient was an adult with a history of childhood stroke whose symptoms progressed in adulthood. She underwent a direct bypass and improved, but continued to experience ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - January 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Metastatic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma to the brain
This report documents an unusual case of a patient with a chromophobe renal cell carcinoma presenting with a brain metastasis. A 58-year-old man presented with stroke-like symptomatology, including expressive aphasia, right side facial weakness, headaches and vomiting. CT imaging demonstrated a 4.7cm left frontal lobe hemorrhagic mass. He underwent surgery with excision of the mass, which was marked by sheets of large cells with lightly eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm. PAX8 staining was positive and a diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma of probably renal origin was rendered. Subsequently, CT imaging of the abdomen revealed a...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - November 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Deep brain stimulation for chronic pain
Publication date: Available online 26 June 2015 Source:Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Author(s): Sandra G.J. Boccard , Erlick A.C. Pereira , Tipu Z. Aziz Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical intervention popularised in movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, and also reported to improve symptoms of epilepsy, Tourette’s syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorders and cluster headache. Since the 1950s, DBS has been used as a treatment to relieve intractable pain of several aetiologies including post stroke pain, phantom limb pain, facial pain and brachial plexus avulsion. Several patient series have s...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - June 26, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Wikipedia and neurological disorders
Publication date: July 2015 Source:Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Volume 22, Issue 7 Author(s): Francesco Brigo , Stanley C. Igwe , Raffaele Nardone , Piergiorgio Lochner , Frediano Tezzon , Willem M. Otte Our aim was to evaluate Wikipedia page visits in relation to the most common neurological disorders by determining which factors are related to peaks in Wikipedia searches for these conditions. Millions of people worldwide use the internet daily as a source of health information. Wikipedia is a popular free online encyclopedia used by patients and physicians to search for health-related information. The following Wi...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - May 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Importance of spontaneous nystagmus detection in the differential diagnosis of acute vertigo
Publication date: March 2015 Source:Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Volume 22, Issue 3 Author(s): Davor Pavlin-Premrl , John Waterston , Sean McGuigan , Bernard Infeld , Ron Sultana , Richard O’Sullivan , Richard P. Gerraty Vertigo is a common cause of emergency department attendance. Detection of spontaneous nystagmus may be a useful sign in distinguishing vestibular neuritis from other vestibular diagnoses. We aimed to assess the contribution of spontaneous nystagmus in the diagnosis of acute vertigo. We enrolled consecutive consenting patients arriving at a single emergency department with acute vertigo. There was...
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - February 16, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research