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The Mfn1- βIIPKC Interaction Regulates Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Sirt3 Following Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
AbstractNeuronal injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been shown to be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. βIIPKC, a subtype of protein kinase C (PKC), accumulates on the mitochondrial outer membrane and phosphorylates mitofusin 1 (Mfn1) at serine 86. Here, we investigated the role of Mfn1-βIIPKC interaction in brain damage and neurological function in both in vivo and in vitro experimental SAH models. The expression of βIIPKC protein and the interaction of Mfn1-βIIPKC were found to be increased after OxyHb treatment in primary cultured cortical neurons and were also observed i...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Glycyrrhizin Prevents Hemorrhagic Transformation and Improves Neurological Outcome in Ischemic Stroke with Delayed Thrombolysis Through Targeting Peroxynitrite-Mediated HMGB1 Signaling
In conclusion, peroxynitrite-mediated HMGB1/TLR2 signaling contributes to hemorrhagic transformation, and glycyrrhizin could be a potential adjuvant therapy to attenuate hemorrhagic transformation, possibly through inhibiting the ONOO−/HMGB1/TLR2 signaling cascades.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroprotection Induced by Energy and Protein-Energy Undernutrition Is Phase-Dependent After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice
AbstractMalnutrition predisposes to poor stroke outcome. In animal models, undernutrition protected against ischemic injury in some, but not in other studies. In view of diverse stroke models and food restriction paradigms, the consequences of undernutrition are poorly understood. Herein, we exposed mice to energy-reduced and protein-energy-reduced diets for 7 –30 days and subsequently induced intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Undernutrition phase dependently influenced ischemic injury. Short-lasting 7 days of protein-energy undernutrition, but not energy undernutrition, decreased post-ischemic brain leuko...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 17, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Uric Acid Treatment After Stroke Prevents Long-Term Middle Cerebral Artery Remodelling and Attenuates Brain Damage in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
AbstractHypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke and is associated with poorer post-stroke outcomes. The antioxidant uric acid is protective in experimental normotensive ischaemic stroke. However, it is unknown whether this treatment exerts long-term protection in hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the impact of transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion (90  min)/reperfusion (1–15 days) on brain and vascular damage progression in adult male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY;n = 36) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR;n = 37) rats treated (i.v./120 min post-occlusion) with uric aci...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ischemic Preconditioning Protects Astrocytes against Oxygen Glucose Deprivation Via the Nuclear Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Pathway
AbstractInduction of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) represents a potential therapy against cerebral ischemia by activation of adaptive pathways and modulation of mitochondria to induce ischemic tolerance to various cells and tissues. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been ascribed to contribute to numerous neurodegenerative conditions and cerebral ischemia. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that has traditionally been involved in upregulating cellular antioxidant systems to combat oxidative stress in the brain; however, the association of Nrf2 with mitochondria in the brain remains unclear. ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 4, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Plasma Glycoproteomic Study of Therapeutic Hypothermia Reveals Novel Markers Predicting Neurologic Outcome Post-cardiac Arrest
AbstractTherapeutic hypothermia (TH) is a neuroprotective treatment post-cardiac arrest but is grossly underutilized. After TH induction, traditional biomarkers and parameters can no long predict clinical outcome due to a lack of understanding of hypothermic response. Innovative approaches to better understand the clinical effect of TH will help to prognosticate outcome and expand beneficial population. Protein glycosylation is an important extracellular post-translational modification, regulating various extracellular signaling pathways. Here, we used glycoproteomics to investigate the association of plasma glycoproteins ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Melatonin Alleviates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Secondary Brain Injury in Rats via Suppressing Apoptosis, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Mitochondria Injury
AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a cerebrovascular disease with high mortality and morbidity, and the effective treatment is still lacking. We designed this study to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of melatonin on the secondary brain injury (SBI) after ICH. An in vivo ICH model was induced via autologous whole blood injection into the right basal ganglia in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Primary rat cortical neurons were treated with oxygen hemoglobin (OxyHb) as an in vitro ICH model. The results of the in vivo study showed that melatonin alleviated severe brain edema and behavior disorders induced b...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research