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Beyond the embolus: “do not miss” diffusion abnormalities of ischaemic and non-ischaemic neurological disease
AbstractGiven the rapid evolution and technological advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), including the proliferation of comprehensive stroke centres and increasing emphasis on interventional stroke therapies, the need for prompt recognition of stroke due to acute large vessel occlusion has received significant attention in the recent literature. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke, as images appear positive within minutes of ischaemic injury, and a high signal-to-noise ratio enables even punctate infarcts to be readily detecte...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 6, 2017 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

ASL and susceptibility-weighted imaging contribution to the management of acute ischaemic stroke
AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a central role in the early diagnosis of cerebral vascular events. Today, MRI is used not only for the detection of acute ischaemic lesions, but also to fine tune the diagnosis and improve patient selection for early therapeutic decision-making. In this perspective, new tools such as arterial spin labelling (ASL) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) sequences have been developed. These MRI sequences enable noninvasive assessment of brain damage, providing important diagnostic and prognostic information: evaluation of cerebral parenchymal perfusion; detection and aetiologi...
Source: Insights into Imaging - November 6, 2016 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Imaging adults on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
This article will describe the imaging appearance of different ECMO circuits in adults as well as commonly encountered complications. If a CT (computed tomography) angiogram is being performed on these patients to evaluate for pulmonary embolism, the scan may be suboptimal from siphoning off of the contrast by the ECMO. In such cases, an optimal image can be obtained by lowering the flow rate of the ECMO circuit or by disabling the circuit for the duration of image acquisition. Key Points • Femoroatrial VV ECMO: femoral vein drainage cannula and right atrial return cannula. ...
Source: Insights into Imaging - October 9, 2014 Category: Radiology Source Type: research