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Tocilizumab for Treating Takayasu's Arteritis and Associated Stroke: A Case Series and Updated Review of the Literature
Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a rare inflammatory disease that can result in stroke. Treatment of patients with TA requires prolonged use of corticosteroids (CS). We assessed the effectiveness of tocilizumab (TCZ) in inducing disease remission and reducing CS doses in patients with TA.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 10, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mohammed Osman, Derek Emery, Elaine Yacyshyn Source Type: research

Delayed Recurrent Stroke in a Young Patient with Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy
We report a 15-year-old patient who had bilateral APMPPE, which was successfully treated with corticosteroids. One year later he presented with transient dysarthria and right hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral ischemic lesions in both lenticular nuclei and corona radiata. Brain MRI performed 3 months later revealed a new asymptomatic ischemic lesion. Cerebral angiography showed diffuse multifocal segmental vessel narrowing. The cerebrospinal fluid showed mononuclear pleocytosis in keeping with vasculitis. We started corticosteroid treatment, which lasted 10 months. Currently, after 2 years...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 26, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: José Manuel Matamala, Walter Feuerhake, Renato Verdugo Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Isolated Central Nervous System Vasculitis as a Manifestation of Neurosarcoidosis
A 62-year-old male presented to our clinic with recurrent fever, skin lesions (petechiae), scleral wounds, and hilar adenomegaly. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was established, which resolved with corticosteroid treatment. After a few months, the patient developed confusion and behavioral changes, with few objective neurological deficits. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed slight focal meningeal enhancement (prepontine region). The level of angiotensin-converting enzymes was normal in the serum and increased in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Philippe Joaquim Oliveira Menezes Macêdo, Victor Calil da Silveira, Luíza Tavares Ramos, Felipe Resende Nóbrega, Luiz Felipe Rocha Vasconcellos Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Recurrent Hemorrhagic Venous Infarctions Caused by Thrombosis of a Pontine Developmental Venous Anomaly and Protein S Mutation
A 34-year-old man presented with an acute onset of upbeat nystagmus, slurred speech, and limb and truncal ataxias. The patient had a history of limb ataxia and gait disturbance previously treated as brainstem encephalitis with corticosteroids 3 years previously. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed pontine developmental venous anomaly (DVA) and hemorrhagic infarction within the drainage territory of the DVA. Three months later, the patient exhibited recurrent limb ataxia, double vision, and numbness of the left side of the body.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 18, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuri Nakamura, Kei-ichiro Takase, Takuya Matsushita, Satoshi Yoshimura, Ryo Yamasaki, Hiroyuki Murai, Kazufumi Kikuchi, Jun-ichi Kira Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Multiple Cerebral Infarctions Due to Patent Foramen Ovale in a Patient with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
A 51-year-old man was diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis 6 years ago due to asthma, sinusitis, hypereosinophilia, and peripheral neuropathy based on the diagnostic criteria of American College of Rheumatology, and corticosteroid therapy achieved a remission. One year ago, he was hospitalized due to deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, and rivaroxaban was administrated. He was admitted to our hospital for acute onset of diplopia and right hemiparesis. Peripheral blood examinations disclosed leukocytosis with hypereosinophilia.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 18, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Kota Maekawa, Masunari Shibata, Masaru Seguchi, Kazuto Kobayashi, Yutaka Naito, Fumitaka Miya Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research