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Specialty: Neuroscience
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.

P 217. Analysis of cortical reorganization after stroke
Conclusion: MEP and rMT are informative criteria for defining the functional state of the motor cortex and features of cortical reorganization after stroke. The graduation of reducing excitability of the motor cortex of AH is proposed for use in clinical practice and could be considered in evaluation the prognosis after stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Kuznetsova, N. Skachkova Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 128. Predicting behavioural response to TDCS in chronic motor stroke
Transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) of primary motor cortex (M1) can transiently improve paretic hand function in chronic stroke. However, responses are variable so there is incentive to try to improve efficacy or to predict response in individual patients. Both excitatory (Anodal) stimulation of ipsilesional M1 and inhibitory (Cathodal) stimulation of contralesional M1 can speed simple reaction time. Here we tested whether combining these two effects simultaneously, by using a bilateral M1–M1 electrode montage, would improve efficacy. We tested the physiological efficacy of Bilateral, Anodal or Cathodal TDCS ...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. O’Shea, M.-H. Boudrias, C.J. Stagg, V. Bachtiar, J.U. Blicher, H. Johansen-Berg Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 172. Focal tDCS in Chronic Stroke patients: A pilot study of physiological effects using TMS and concurrent EEG
We report results of MEPs, EEG, and motor behavior. We show, for the first time, that tDCS and EEG recording can be concurrently applied in stroke patients. Bilateral M1 stimulation using small Ag/AgCl electrodes is well tolerated and can augment corticospinal excitability in the affected hemisphere. In the literature, there is only one prior studying using concurrent EEG recording during cathodal tDCS in healthy subjects and two patients with epileptic encephalopathy (Faria et al., 2012). As far as we know, no studies have applied tDCS simultaneous with EEG recording in chronic stroke patients. We report the first study i...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: D. Boratyn, G. Ruffini, M. Cortes, A. Rykman, A. Medeiros, A. Pascual-Leone, D. Edwards Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 217. Analysis of cortical reorganization after stroke
Conclusion: MEP and rMT are informative criteria for defining the functional state of the motor cortex and features of cortical reorganization after stroke. The graduation of reducing excitability of the motor cortex of AH is proposed for use in clinical practice and could be considered in evaluation the prognosis after stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Kuznetsova, N. Skachkova Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

Reply to “The effects of functional electrical stimulation on upper extremity function and cortical plasticity in chronic stroke patients”
I appreciate the very important and developed suggestions by Dr. Cecatto for our article (). The proposals on the reasons why EMG-controlled FES (EMG–FES) could shift the brain hemispheric-dominant perfusion in our study provided our study further development and progress. The motor output and corresponding muscle and joint proprioceptive feedback may be tightly coupled and coordinated with movement by EMG–FES. As Dr. Cecatto proposed, these neural reorganisation mechanisms should be explored. The sensory components of large afferent fibre activation, proprioceptive input and increased cognitive sensory attention are a...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yukihiro Hara Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

IS 12. Plasticity in stroke patients: Why brain stimulation may (not) work
Advances in brain imaging techniques allow us to study not just what the brain looks like but how it works. When applied to people who have suffered a stroke this technology has demonstrated reorganization of the way surviving brain regions function. These findings give hope to the idea that new treatments can be designed and more effectively targeted towards individual patients.So how can we measure these changes in organization in the human brain? Brain imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have developed to the point where a detailed appreciation of the damage to brain structures and th...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: N. Ward Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 102. Transcranial direct current stimulation for improving aphasia after stroke. First results of a systematic Cochrane Review
Conclusion: Our review showed that in some studies tDCS might facilitate word retrieval after stroke and hence might improve aphasia. However, it is still unclear if tDCS could improve functional communication. Thus further research seems to be needed.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: B. Elsner, J. Kugler, M. Pohl, J. Mehrholz Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 114. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation in early treatment of post-stroke non-fluent aphasia
Conclusions: The findings provide only a weak evidence of A-tDCS behavioural gains during early neurorehabilitation of post-stroke aphasia. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of this kind of neuromodulation. Different modes and parameters of tDCS should be explored considering such important factors determining recovery from aphasia as type and severity of language impairment, lesion site and size, time since stroke, and degree of hemispheric language laterality.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: K. Polanowska, M. Leśniak, J. Seniów Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 117. Can cerebellar theta burst stimulation improve recovery of cerebellar stroke patients?
Conclusion: These preliminary results provide novel evidence that cerebellar TBS can be used to promote functional recovery of patients with cerebellar stroke. These clinical improvement could be related to long-lasting changes in the excitability of cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathways.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 1, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: V. Ponzo, S. Bonnı̀, C. Caltagirone, G. Koch Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

IS 12. Plasticity in stroke patients: Why brain stimulation may (not) work
Advances in brain imaging techniques allow us to study not just what the brain looks like but how it works. When applied to people who have suffered a stroke this technology has demonstrated reorganization of the way surviving brain regions function. These findings give hope to the idea that new treatments can be designed and more effectively targeted towards individual patients.So how can we measure these changes in organization in the human brain? Brain imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have developed to the point where a detailed appreciation of the damage to brain structures and th...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: N. Ward Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 102. Transcranial direct current stimulation for improving aphasia after stroke. First results of a systematic Cochrane Review
Conclusion: Our review showed that in some studies tDCS might facilitate word retrieval after stroke and hence might improve aphasia. However, it is still unclear if tDCS could improve functional communication. Thus further research seems to be needed.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: B. Elsner, J. Kugler, M. Pohl, J. Mehrholz Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 114. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation in early treatment of post-stroke non-fluent aphasia
Conclusions: The findings provide only a weak evidence of A-tDCS behavioural gains during early neurorehabilitation of post-stroke aphasia. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of this kind of neuromodulation. Different modes and parameters of tDCS should be explored considering such important factors determining recovery from aphasia as type and severity of language impairment, lesion site and size, time since stroke, and degree of hemispheric language laterality.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: K. Polanowska, M. Leśniak, J. Seniów Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

P 117. Can cerebellar theta burst stimulation improve recovery of cerebellar stroke patients?
Conclusion: These preliminary results provide novel evidence that cerebellar TBS can be used to promote functional recovery of patients with cerebellar stroke. These clinical improvement could be related to long-lasting changes in the excitability of cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathways.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: V. Ponzo, S. Bonnı̀, C. Caltagirone, G. Koch Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

Motoneurone afterhyperpolarisation time-course following stroke
Conclusions: The AHP time-course prolongation on the paretic side of people with chronic stroke is more pronounced in people with low motor recovery.Significance: Changes in the motoneurone AHP time course post-stroke were related to muscle function and may play a role in the commonly-observed reduction of motor unit discharge rate during voluntary contractions following stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 27, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tanya D. Ivanova, Svetlana Knorr, Christopher W. MacDonell, Courtney L. Pollock, S. Jayne Garland Tags: Movement, Motor Control and Movement Disorders Source Type: research

Power spectral analysis of surface electromyography (EMG) at matched contraction levels of the first dorsal interosseous muscle in stroke survivors
Conclusions: There appears to be complex muscular and neural processes at work post stroke that may impact the surface EMG power spectrum. The majority of the tested stroke subjects had lower MPF in the paretic muscle than in the contralateral muscle at matched isometric contraction force. The reduced MPF of paretic muscles can be attributed to different factors such as increased motor unit synchronization, impairments in motor unit control properties, loss of large motor units, and atrophy of muscle fibers.Significance: Surface EMG power spectral analysis can serve as a useful tool to indicate complex neural and muscular ...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 22, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xiaoyan Li, Henry Shin, Ping Zhou, Xun Niu, Jie Liu, William Zev Rymer Tags: Movement, Motor Control and Movement Disorders Source Type: research