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The effects of aerobic exercise on motor cortex plasticity in chronic stroke survivors with and without post-stroke depression: a preliminary report
Abstract
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Ryan Ross, Catherine VanDerwerker, Ewan Williams, Mark George, Steven Kautz, Chris Gregory Source Type: research

Evidence for NIBS in post-stroke and Vascular depression
Abstract
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Amer Burhan, Amanda McIntyre Source Type: research

The unusual case of dental pain with sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a benign idiosyncrasy or diagnostic opportunity?
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising treatment for major depressive disorder [1]. Recently, we investigated 10 sessions of high-frequency rTMS applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in chronic stroke survivors with depression (randomised controlled trial; ACTRN12619001303134; institutional ethics approval 200697). Stimulation was delivered at 110% resting motor threshold at 10 Hz for a total of 3000 pulses. Here we report the experience of a 51-year-old male with mild upper-limb impairment (Fugl-Meyer 49/66; structural imaging Figure 1), who experienced anatomically confine...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - December 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Brenton Hordacre, Kristina Comacchio, G. Lorimer Moseley Source Type: research

Barriers and Opportunities of Cortical Stimulation via Cerebral Venous Approach
Brain stimulation technologies, both invasive and non-invasive, have been successful in acquiring FDA approval for several indications within neuropsychiatry to include depression, Parkinson ’s disease, and others. Unfortunately, despite extensive testing, brain stimulation has failed to be part of the clinical toolbox for treatment of stroke or brain injury. Epidural stimulation showed promise in early stages of validation but failed in phase III studies with a major limitation of de layed timing of intervention(1).
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Ali Alawieh, L.Fernando Gonzalez, Wuwei Feng Source Type: research

Feasibility of home-based, self-applied transcranial direct current stimulation to enhance motor learning in middle-aged and older adults
We read with great interest the recent letter sent to you by McConnell and colleagues [1], in which they discuss one of the first applications of truly independent home-based electrical brain stimulation, applied following safety recommendations. Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique capable of modulating cortical excitability beyond the stimulation period [2,3]. tDCS presents interesting options as a therapeutic intervention in multiple neurological disorders, such as stroke, depression, chronic pain, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer ’s and Parkinson’s disease [4,5].
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - September 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Pablo Maceira-Elvira, Traian Popa, Anne-Christine Schmid, Friedhelm C. Hummel Source Type: research

Proceedings #4: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Improves Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life of Post-Stroke Patients
Introduction: Post-Stroke Depression (PSD) reaches nearly a third of stroke survivors, early or late, affecting their functional recovery and quality of life. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has been explored as a safe supporting tool in the treatment of PSD.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Herc ílio Barbosa da Silva Júnior, Marcos Rassi Fernandes, Ângela Maria Costa Souza Source Type: research

Abstract #128: Chronic Vagus Nerve Stimulation Enables Long-term Plasticity in Mouse Auditory Cortex
Introduction: Vagus nerve stimulation is currently used as a medical treatment for those suffering from severe epilepsy or depression, but the mechanisms underlying vagus nerve stimulation are poorly understood. The vagus nerve helps connect essentially all peripheral organs to the central nervous system, sending afferents to the nucleus tractus solitarius. Recent studies indicate that vagus nerve stimulation can produce long-lasting plasticity in the cerebral cortex, leading to improved sensory processing and recovery of motor behavior after stroke (Boreland et al, Brain Stimul (2016).
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Eleni S. Papadoyannis, Kathleen A. Martin, Jennifer K. Schiavo, Nesibe Z. Temiz, Robert C. Froemke Source Type: research

Proceedings #39: Effects of tDCS alone and combined with virtual reality in clinical practice
The brain can be modulated by electricity and emotions. We performed an open-label study in 134 patients with many clinical conditions, specially stroke, chronic pain and depression. The set up for transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was dependent of the disease using always an intensity of 2 mA/30 min/day for 20 days. Virtual reality (VR) was applied concomitantly using an Oculus Rift. The outcomes were based on the subjective perception of the patients as follows: 1=no response at all, 2=mild response during the stimulation and 3=consistent response after 3 months of follow-up.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Milena Artifon, Lauren Adachi, Pedro Schestatsky Source Type: research

The use of rTMS to augment walking recovery after stroke
The goal of non-invasive brain stimulation to directly target brain circuitry to increase neural plasticity and improve coordinated activation of muscles after walking rehabilitation. Neuromodulation using rTMS has been incredibly successful in treating depression and has had some success with improving upper extremity (UE) motor control after stroke through either exciting (E-rTMS) ipsilesional or inhibiting (I-rTMS) contralesional activity. However, similar successes with rTMS for walking have not been achieved in the very few attempts made to date.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: M. Bowden Source Type: research

Use of human invasive SEEG and non-invasive EEG recordingsin vivo towards tDCS dose individualization
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a type of non-invasive neuromodulatory rehabilitative therapy that has been the focus of many recent studies in a variety of disease conditions, e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), depression, etc. However, one hurdle for success is the variability in behavioral outcomes across different subjects. One reason for such inter-individual variability is differences in tDCS-generated electric fields (EF) inside the brain of each subject and thus the resulting tDCS-modulated neural activity.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: P. Chhatbar, J. Halford, W. Vandergrift, Y. Zhang, W. Feng, M. George, S. Kautz Source Type: research

Delayed, distant skin lesions after transcranial direct current stimulation
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has attracted considerable interest in recent years, especially as a potential intervention in stroke rehabilitation and the treatment of depression. Common safety guidelines exist to ensure the safety of the procedure [1]. However, mild adverse effects (AEs) are common and more severe AEs are occasionally encountered. Here, we report two cases of skin lesions following tDCS.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - November 3, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Aaron Kortteenniemi, Soili M. Lehto, Amir-Homayoun Javadi Source Type: research

DBS in critical care conditions
The efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is well established in the treatment of chronic neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease and primary dystonia. Emerging indications include, refractory epilepsy, chronic cluster headache, major depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, disruptive behaviour and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Nevertheless in selected cases DBS may be a treatment option in acute neurological disease or sudden dramatic worsening of pre-existing diseases in emergency conditions such as status dystonicus (SD) and post-stroke conditions.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 29, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: M. Rizzi, R. Cordella, G. Messina, C.E. Marras, G. Zorzi, D. Caldiroli, A. Franzini Source Type: research

Safety of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Children and Adolescents
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation (tCS) have the potential to mitigate a variety of symptoms associated with neurological and psychiatric conditions, including stroke, cerebral palsy, autism, depression, and Tourette syndrome. While the safety of these modalities has been established in adults, there is a paucity of research assessing the safety of NIBS among children.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - October 27, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Chandramouli Krishnan, Luciana Santos, Mark D. Peterson, Margaret Ehinger Source Type: research

The outlook for non-invasive electrical brain stimulation
Over a decade since the initial establishment of modern transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), the field of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) has blossomed to include a range of techniques (e.g., alternating current (tACS), random noise (tRNS), and pulsed current stimulation), and a diverse array of applications (e.g., depression, pain, tinnitus, stroke, and schizophrenia). At the cusp of even broader dissemination of tES as a tool for the treatment and rehabilitation of brain disorders, the study of brain function, and brain enhancement, it is incumbent to consolidate what have we learned and what remains to be addressed.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - October 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Marom Bikson, Dylan Edwards, Emily Kappenman Source Type: research

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