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Fibrates for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Moderate evidence showed that the fibrate class can be effective in the secondary prevention of composite outcome of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal MI, and vascular death. However, this beneficial effect relies on the inclusion of clofibrate data, a drug that was discontinued in 2002 due to its unacceptably large adverse effects. Further trials of the use of fibrates in populations with previous stroke and also against a background treatment with statins (standard of care) are required. PMID: 26497361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 25, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Wang D, Liu B, Tao W, Hao Z, Liu M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Pharmacological interventions for asymptomatic carotid stenosis
CONCLUSIONS: Although there is no high-certainty evidence to support pharmacological intervention, this does not mean that pharmacological treatments are ineffective in preventing ischaemic cerebral events, morbidity, and mortality. High-quality RCTs are needed to better inform the best medical treatment that may reduce the burden of carotid stenosis. In the interim, clinicians will have to use other sources of information.PMID:37565307 | PMC:PMC10401652 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD013573.pub2
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 11, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Caroline Nb Clezar Carolina Dq Flumignan Nicolle Cassola Luis Cu Nakano Virginia Fm Trevisani Ronald Lg Flumignan Source Type: research

PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence for the clinical endpoint effects of  evolocumab and alirocumab were graded as high. There is a strong evidence base to prescribe PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies to people who might not be eligible for other lipid-lowering drugs, or to people who cannot meet their lipid goals on more traditional therapies, which was the main patient population of the available trials.  The evidence base of PCSK9 inhibitors compared with active treatment is much weaker (low very- to low-certainty evidence) and it is unclear whether evolocumab or alirocumab might be effectively used as replacement therapies. Related...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 20, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Schmidt AF, Carter JL, Pearce LS, Wilkins JT, Overington JP, Hingorani AD, Casas JP Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for kidney transplant recipients.
CONCLUSIONS: Statins may reduce cardiovascular events in kidney transplant recipients, although treatment effects are imprecise. Statin treatment has uncertain effects on overall mortality, stroke, kidney function, and toxicity outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Additional studies would improve our confidence in the treatment benefits and harms of statins on cardiovascular events in this clinical setting. PMID: 24470059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Perkovic V, Johnson DW, Nigwekar SU, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis.
CONCLUSIONS: Statins consistently lower death and major cardiovascular events by 20% in people with CKD not requiring dialysis. Statin-related effects on stroke and kidney function were found to be uncertain and adverse effects of treatment are incompletely understood. Statins have an important role in primary prevention of cardiovascular events and mortality in people who have CKD. PMID: 24880031 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Johnson DW, Perkovic V, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Reductions in all-cause mortality, major vascular events and revascularisations were found with no excess of adverse events among people without evidence of CVD treated with statins. PMID: 23440795 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 2, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Taylor F, Huffman MD, Macedo AF, Moore TH, Burke M, Davey Smith G, Ward K, Ebrahim S Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Statins for acute coronary syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on moderate quality evidence, due to concerns about risk of bias and imprecision, initiation of statin therapy within 14 days following ACS does not reduce death, myocardial infarction, or stroke up to four months, but reduces the occurrence of unstable angina at four months following ACS. Serious side effects were rare. PMID: 25178118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 1, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Vale N, Nordmann AJ, Schwartz GG, de Lemos J, Colivicchi F, den Hartog F, Ostadal P, Macin SM, Liem AH, Mills EJ, Bhatnagar N, Bucher HC, Briel M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism.
CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence showed that rosuvastatin was associated with a reduced incidence of VTE, but the evidence was limited to a single RCT and any firm conclusions and suggestions could be not drawn. Randomised controlled trials of statins (including rosuvastatin) are needed to evaluate their efficacy in the prevention of VTE. PMID: 25518837 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 18, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Li L, Zhang P, Tian JH, Yang K Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this updated review are suggestive of a small but potentially important reduction in cardiovascular risk on reduction of saturated fat intake. Replacing the energy from saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat appears to be a useful strategy, and replacement with carbohydrate appears less useful, but effects of replacement with monounsaturated fat were unclear due to inclusion of only one small trial. This effect did not appear to alter by study duration, sex or baseline level of cardiovascular risk. Lifestyle advice to all those at risk of cardiovascular disease and to lower risk population grou...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 10, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hooper L, Martin N, Abdelhamid A, Davey Smith G Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Qigong for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Currently, very limited evidence is available on the effectiveness of qigong for the primary prevention of CVD. Most of the trials included in this review are likely to be at high risk of bias, so we have very low confidence in the validity of the results. Publication of the ongoing trial will add to the limited evidence base, but further trials of high methodological quality with sufficient sample size and follow-up are needed to be incorporated in an update of this review before the effectiveness of qigong for CVD prevention can be established. PMID: 26068956 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 11, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hartley L, Lee MS, Kwong JS, Flowers N, Todkill D, Ernst E, Rees K Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative statin therapy reduces the odds of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and shortens the patient's stay on the ICU and in the hospital. Statin pretreatment had no influence on perioperative mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction or renal failure, but only two of all included studies assessed mortality. As analysed studies included mainly individuals undergoing myocardial revascularisation, results cannot be extrapolated to patients undergoing other cardiac procedures such as heart valve or aortic surgery. PMID: 26270008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - August 13, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kuhn EW, Slottosch I, Wahlers T, Liakopoulos OJ Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Systematic versus opportunistic risk assessment for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The results are limited by the heterogeneity between trials in terms of participants recruited, interventions and duration of follow-up. Limited data suggest that systematic risk assessment for CVD has no statistically significant effects on clinical endpoints. There is limited evidence to suggest that CVD systematic risk assessment may have some favourable effects on cardiovascular risk factors. The completion of the five ongoing trials will add to the evidence base. PMID: 26824223 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 29, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dyakova M, Shantikumar S, Colquitt JL, Drew C, Sime M, MacIver J, Wright N, Clarke A, Rees K Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

WITHDRAWN: Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative statin therapy reduces the odds of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and shortens the patient's stay on the ICU and in the hospital. Statin pretreatment had no influence on perioperative mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction or renal failure, but only two of all included studies assessed mortality. As analysed studies included mainly individuals undergoing myocardial revascularisation, results cannot be extrapolated to patients undergoing other cardiac procedures such as heart valve or aortic surgery. PMID: 27219528 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 23, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kuhn EW, Slottosch I, Wahlers T, Liakopoulos OJ Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

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