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Ultrasound cardiac calcification as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events in clinical practice: Is there enough evidence?
In the current IJC issue, Di Minno et al. [1] report an informative systematic review and meta-analysis of prior studies assessing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in subjects categorized on the presence or absence of aortic valve sclerosis or calcification, using standard transthoracic echocardiography: they confirm that this simple and widely accessible marker is robustly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke and cardiovascular (CV) mortality, almost two decades after the report of this intriguing association by Catherine Otto [2].
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - April 3, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nicola Gaibazzi, Carmine Mazzone, Pompilio Faggiano Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of intraplaque neovascularization and its correlation to plaque echogenicity in human carotid arteries atherosclerosis
Currently the most widely accepted predictor of stroke risk in patients with carotid atherosclerosis is the degree of stenosis. Plaque echogenicity on ultrasound imaging (US) and intraplaque neovascularization (IPNV) are becoming recognized as factors of plaque vulnerability. Aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between the echogenicity of the carotid atherosclerosis by standard US and the degree of IPNV by contrast enhanced US (CEUS).
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - August 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mattia Cattaneo, Daniel Staub, Alessandra P. Porretta, Jeanne Marie Gallino, Paolo Santini, Costanzo Limoni, Rolf Wyttenbach, Augusto Gallino Source Type: research

Common carotid intima-media features determine distal disease phenotype and vulnerability in asymptomatic patients
There is a growing awareness of the importance of carotid plaque features evaluation in stroke prediction. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and recently its echogenicity were used for stroke prediction, although their clinical relevance was not well determined. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between common carotid artery (CCA) ultrasound markers of atherosclerosis and distal, bifurcation and internal carotid artery (ICA), plaque features.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - June 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pranvera Ibrahimi, Fisnik Jashari, Elias Johannson, Christer Grönlund, Gani Bajraktari, Per Wester, Michael Y. Henein Source Type: research

Common carotid intima–media features determine distal disease phenotype and vulnerability in asymptomatic patients
There is a growing awareness of the importance of carotid plaque features evaluation in stroke prediction. Carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) and recently its echogenicity were used for stroke prediction, although their clinical relevance was not well determined. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between common carotid artery (CCA) ultrasound markers of atherosclerosis and distal, bifurcation and internal carotid artery (ICA), plaque features.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - June 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pranvera Ibrahimi, Fisnik Jashari, Elias Johansson, Christer Grönlund, Gani Bajraktari, Per Wester, Michael Y. Henein Source Type: research

Trends in abdominal aortic aneurysm prevalence and mortality in non-European countries
After 3 decades of epidemiologic research on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), prevalence and mortality rates from AAA in England and Scandinavian countries have been shown to be decreasing , raising the question about what the trends of prevalence and mortality rates from AAA in non-European countries are. With that aim, we conducted a literature search for observational studies and randomized controlled trials that assessed prevalence and mortality rates in non-European populations published since January 1983 till June 2013 in MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS electronic databases. The search strategy was [abdominal aortic aneu...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - November 8, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jerson Munoz-Mendoza, Veronica A. Pinto Miranda, Henry C. Quevedo, Kathy Hebert Tags: Online letters to the editor Source Type: research

Need for new non-invasive imaging strategies to identify high-risk asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis
We fully agree with Dr. Naylor and Spence's concerns about the current treatment of asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis . The authors underlined that the indication for approximately 90% of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and stenting is for asymptomatic carotid stenosis , based on extrapolation from the Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial (CREST), a modern study of stenting versus endarterectomy without a medical arm of therapy , to historical results from the medical arms of 2 early studies of CEA, the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS) and the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis ...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - June 3, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Enrico Ammirati, Marco Magnoni, Paolo G. Camici Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

The Virtual histology In CaroTids Observational RegistrY (VICTORY) study: A European prospective registry to assess the feasibility and safety of intravascular ultrasound and virtual histology during carotid interventions
Abstract: Background: Carotid occlusive disease is the most common determinant of thromboembolic stroke. However, limited insights in vivo into the pathophysiology and pathology of carotid plaques are available. We designed a prospective multicenter registry to appraise the safety and feasibility of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and IVUS–virtual histology (IVUS–VH) imaging before and immediately after carotid stenting.Methods: Symptomatic and asymptomatic patients scheduled for carotid stenting were included. IVUS–VH pullbacks were performed before and after stenting. Angiographic, IVUS and IVUS–VH analyses were ...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - March 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Giuseppe Sangiorgi, Francesco Bedogni, Paolo Sganzerla, Giorgio Binetti, Luigi Inglese, Piotr Musialek, Giovanni Esposito, Alberto Cremonesi, Giorgio Biasi, Jacek Jakala, Alessandro Mauriello, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Defensive active coping facilitates chronic hyperglycaemia and endothelial dysfunction in African men: The SABPA study
Conclusion: Novel findings of behavioural resilience were apparent in the AC African female despite a high prevalence of risk markers. In AC males, chronic hyperglycaemia facilitated endothelial dysfunction, i.e. a physiological “loss of control” and susceptibility to stroke risk.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - November 19, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: L. Malan, M. Hamer, M.P. Schlaich, G.W. Lambert, T. Ziemssen, M. Reimann, H.S. Steyn, R. Schutte, W. Smith, J.M. van Rooyen, C.M.T. Fourie, N.T. Malan Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Ultrasound assessment of brachial endothelial vasomotor function in addition to carotid plaque echolucency for predicting cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease
Conclusions: Combined assessment of brachial endothelial function and carotid plaque echolucency is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and improves risk prediction when added to known risks.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 13, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Takamitsu Nakamura, Yoshinobu Kitta, Manabu Uematsu, Wataru Sugamata, Mitsumasa Hirano, Daisuke Fujioka, Keita Sano, Yukio Saito, Ken-ichi Kawabata, Jun-ei Obata, Kiyotaka Kugiyama Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Acute absolute vasodilatation is associated with a lower vascular wall stiffness in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Abstract: Background: Acute vasoreactivity testing (VT) is considered mandatory in the diagnostic work-up of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We studied the relation between the acute absolute arterial vasodilatation and the severity of vascular remodeling estimated by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patients with idiopathic PAH.Methods: Simultaneous right heart catheterization and IVUS of the pulmonary artery (PA) were performed both in basal conditions and during short-term intravenous epoprostenol infusion in nineteen idiopathic PAH patients. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVRi) and capacitance in...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - July 26, 2011 Category: Cardiology Authors: Juan C. Grignola, Enric Domingo, Rio Aguilar, Manuel Vázquez, Manuel López-Messeguer, Carlos Bravo, Antonio Roman Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research