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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Stroke Prevention for Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, affecting around 2% of the population (1,2) and increasing the risk of stroke by 4 to 5 times (3). Anticoagulation with Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as Warfarin (4) or the newer Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) (4,5) reduces this risk by up to 60%. AF-related strokes also tend to be more severe and disabling (6).
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - December 7, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Peter Calvert, Kamala Tamirisa, Amin Al-Ahmad, Gregory Y H Lip, Dhiraj Gupta Tags: Review Source Type: research

Oral Anticoagulant Use for Patients with Atrial Fibrillation with Concomitant Anemia and/or Thrombocytopenia
Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, which is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism, heart failure and mortality.1 Previous studies in atrial fibrillation patients have reported that abnormal hemoglobin and platelet counts may be associated with adverse events. However, these studies that specifically examined the associations between hemoglobin and platelet levels and adverse outcomes reported conflicting data.2-5 Although warfarin effectively reduces the risk of ischemic stroke by 64% compared to placebo/control,6 and non-vitamin K antagonist oral antico...
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - April 2, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yung-Hsin Yeh, Yi-Hsin Chan, Shao-Wei Chen, Shang-Hung Chang, Chun-Li Wang, Chi-Tai Kuo, Gregory Y.H. Li, Shih-Ann Chen, Tze-Fan Chao Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Non-Vitamin K Antagonists versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Bioprosthetic Valves: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Patients with bioprosthetic heart valves and valve repair with concomitant atrial fibrillation are at an increased risk of thromboembolic events.1-5 Until recently, there was a paucity of randomized data to guide the optimal anticoagulation strategy in this patient population. In a prior meta-analysis of 4 randomized studies in patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease, excluding significant mitral stenosis and mechanical valves, there was a significant reduction in the risk of stroke or systemic embolism with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) vs.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 7, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Rhanderson Cardoso, Caique M.P. Ternes, Gustavo B. Justino, Amanda Fernandes, Ana Vitoria Rocha, Leonardo Knijnik, Andre d'Avila, Renato D. Lopes Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Regular bleeding risk assessment associated with reduction in bleeding outcomes: The mAFA II randomised trial
Oral anticoagulants (OAC) are highly effective for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.1,2 However, bleeding events are a detrimental side effect of OAC use, even despite the reduced risk of intracranial haemorrahge with the use of non –vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) with major bleeding rates at 2% to 4% and any bleeding of 11%-18% per year.3 Some of these bleeding events are non-clinically relevant bleeding, and overall there is a positive net clinical benefit for using OACs for stroke prevention for the major ity of atrial fibrillation patients.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - April 11, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Yutao Guo, Deirdre A. Lane, Yundai Chen, Gregory Y.H. Lip, mAF-App II Trial investigators Source Type: research

Oral anticoagulation in emergency department patients: high rates of off-label doses,no difference in bleeding rates
Patients with oral anticoagulation constitute an increasing proportion in the present medical routine.1 The approval of the first direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dabigatran by the U.S. food and drug administration in 2010 for the purpose of stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation revolutionized the therapy strategies of this entity since the Vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) warfarin, phenprocoumon and acenocoumarol had been the only available oral anticoagulants for decades.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 23, 2019 Category: General Medicine Authors: Corinne M. Eschler, Bertram K. Woitok, Georg-Christian Funk, Philipp Walter, Volker Maier, Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos, Gregor Lindner Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Etiological research using observational data, and net clinical benefit. Simplicity and practicality matter
Atrial fibrillation in an elderly patient requires oral anticoagulant (OAC) treatment, and contemporary international guidelines recommend treatment for atrial fibrillation patients at 75years or older.1,2 Substantial evidence (mostly in favour) of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), in comparison with warfarin, has emerged over the past decade. In particular, the benefits from a lower risk of intracranial bleeding and the non-requirement for monitoring of anticoagulant effects have driven the uptake of NOACs as the preferred choice for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, although some regional differences are evident.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - March 4, 2019 Category: General Medicine Authors: Peter Br ønnum Nielsen, Iain Buchan, Gregory Y.H. Lip Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Comparative stroke, bleeding, and mortality risks in older Medicare patients treated with oral anticoagulants for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are alternatives to warfarin in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Randomized trials compared NOACs to warfarin, but none have compared individual NOACs against each other for safety and effectiveness.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - January 9, 2019 Category: General Medicine Authors: David J. Graham, Elande Baro, Rongmei Zhang, Jiemin Liao, Michael Wernecke, Marsha E. Reichman, Mao Hu, Onyekachukwu Illoh, Yuqin Wei, Margie R. Goulding, Yoganand Chillarige, Mary Ross Southworth, Thomas E. MaCurdy, Jeffrey A. Kelman Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulants with antiplatelet agents and the risk of major bleeding in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are increasingly being used for ischemic stroke prevention among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation,1,2 partly because of their favorable efficacy and safety compared with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).3 However, the safety of DOACs in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation requiring additional use of antiplatelet agents remains uncertain. This is important, as up to 30% of patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation may receive concomitant treatments of oral anticoagulants with antiplatelets due to comorbid cardiovascular conditions.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 25, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Antonios Douros, Christel Renoux, Hui Yin, Kristian B. Filion, Samy Suissa, Laurent Azoulay Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants for Cardioversion in Atrial Fibrillation – An Updated Meta-analysis
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are now proven alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, there are few data on the efficacy and safety of their use around cardioversion, where the risk of thromboembolic events is heightened.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 13, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Giulia Renda, Fabrizio Ricci, Raffaele De Caterina Tags: Clinical Research Study Source Type: research

Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants for Cardioversion in Atrial Fibrillation: An Updated Meta-analysis
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants are now proven alternatives to vitamin K antagonists for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. However, there are few data on the efficacy and safety of their use for cardioversion, in which the risk of thromboembolic events is heightened.
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - October 13, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Giulia Renda, Fabrizio Ricci, Raffaele De Caterina Tags: Clinical research study Source Type: research